Ch. 6 Social Control & Deviance

Question 1

social deviance

Answer 1

any action that is perceived as violating a widely held norm of a society’s groups’ culture

Question 2

crime

Answer 2

the violation of laws enacted by society

Question 3

mechanical solidarity

Answer 3

social cohesion based on sameness

Question 4

organic solidarity

Answer 4

social cohesion based on difference and interdependence of the parts

Question 5

social control

Answer 5

mechanisms that create normative compliance in individuals

Question 6

formal sanctions

Answer 6

established rules & laws that are used to prohibit deviant and (by definition) criminal behavior

Question 7

informal sanctions

Answer 7

unwritten but widely known by virtue of ones membership in the group, culture, etc. tend to be group pressure that keeps people in line.

Question 8

social integration

Answer 8

how well you are integrated into your social group or community

Question 9

labeling theory

Answer 9

situation in which an individual subconsciously sees how people label him/her; their reactions to this label over time contribute in a major way to how they define themselves; over time becomes part of their self identity

Question 10

stigma

Answer 10

a negative social label that not only changes your behavior toward a person but also alters that person’s own self-concept and social identity

Question 11

broken windows theory of deviance

Answer 11

explains how social control & social cues may encourage people to act deviantly

Question 12

street crime

Answer 12

crime committed in public and often associated with violence, gangs, and poverty

Question 13

white-collar crime

Answer 13

offense committed by a professional (or professionals) against a corporation, agency, or other institution

Question 14

deterrence

Answer 14

if the benefits outweigh the costs, people are more likely to engage in criminal behavior. *if you want to minimize crime, you should make the cost higher-make the cost outweigh the benefit.