Ch 6 - Prosthetic and Orthotics: Spinal Orthoses Flashcards
What does a soft cervical collar provide?
Kinesthetic reminder (through sensory feedback) to limit motion
What are indications of a soft cervical collar?
Symptomatic treatment of soft-tissue injuries of the neck
What is the maximum amount of time a soft cervical collar should be worn?
10 days
Risk of muscle atrophy and psychologic dependency if used longer
What motions do rigid cervical collars restrict?
Cervical flexion, extension, rotation, and lateral bending
Describe a Thomas collar.
Made of firm plastic with superior and inferior padding that wraps around the neck and is secured with Velcro
What are indications for a Thomas collar?
Soft tissue injuries
Describe a Philadelphia collar.
Rigid anterior and posterior plastic reinforcements, secured by Velcro and encompasses the lower jaw and the occiput and extends to the proximal thorax
What are indications for a Philadelphia collar?
Soft-tissue injuries
Stable bony or ligamentous injuries
Wean from immobilization from other collars
What are variants of the Philadelphia collar?
Miami–J
Newport
Malibu collars
Describe a Sterno-Occipital Mandibular Immobilizer.
Cervicothoracic orthosis with chest piece connected by uprights to occipital plate
What are indications of a Sterno-Occipital Mandibular Immobilizer?
Cervical arthritis
Postsurgical fusions
Stable cervical fractures
What directions are controlled with a posterior-type CTO?
Provides good control of flexion/extension; lateral bending and rotation are not well controlled
Describe a Minerva CTO.
Entire posterior skull, band around the forehead to control all cervical motions, and extends downward to the inferior costal margin
What are indications of a Minerva CTO?
Management of unstable cervical spine in preschool age children due to ↑ comfort, ↓ weight, and because it allows early mobilization for rehab
Describe a Halo CTO.
Rigid halo ring secured to the skull with four external fixation pins and four posts attached to the anterior and posterior part of the vest