ch 6 policy Flashcards
defn of policy
a statement of direction resulting from a decision-making process that applies reason, evidence, and values in public or private settings
what is public policy
directives that document government decisions…the process of taking problems to government agents and obtaining a decision or reply in the form of a program, law, or regulation.”
how does health policy relate to public policy and what is health policy
Health policy, one aspect of public policy, includes “the principles, plans, and strategies for action guiding the behavior of organizations, institutions, and professions involved in the field of health, as well as their consequences for the healthcare system.”
what are the sources of nursing policies
o Public sources- authoritative decisions, laws or operational rules determined by govt
o Organizational sources- developed by healthcare institutions to govern work places and direct behaviors
o Professional sources- discipline-specific and multidisciplinary organizations establish standards guidelines, and research-based recommendations
does politics or policy deal with shoulds and oughts
which is proactive and which is reactive
policy- shoulds and oughts
policy is proactive
what is politics
• Politics is the art of understanding relationships between groups in society and using that understanding to achieve particular outcomes
t or f due to their subservience nurses havent influence much health policy
false nurses have long hx of influencing policy back to nightingale
t or f nursing assns involvelmt in policy dev is dec
false has been inc in past 30yrs
what are the 8 steps in the ONP policy cycle
1-values and beliefs 2-problem or issue emergence 3-knowledge and development of research 4-public awareness 5-political engagement 6-interest group activation 7-public policy deliberation and adoption 8-regulation, experience and revision
what are the two phases of the policy cycle
what is each phase anchored in
getting to the policy agenda (anchored by values and beliefs)
moving into action (anchored by political engagement)
what is the first stage of the policy cyce and what happens here
Values and cultural beliefs
• action on policy issue must be grounded in a set of values and beliefs.
• Identification, validation, and articulation of these basic values are important not only at the outset of the initiative but also in the moving forward
after values and beliefs whats next in policy cycle
what happens here
emergence of problm or issue
to ID the issue you must gather info and evidence to support rationale for pursuing issue and selected solutions
is it enough for issue to exist or what else is nec
issue must have urgency
what is next step after youve identified the issue and it has emerged
what happens here
knowledge and dev of research
- Once issues are clear- research and evidence used to provide support for the desired outcome.
- Information gathering, research and situational analyses enable us to determine our needs, ask questions and analyze the issues and options for aaction, anticipate barriers, and pro-actively develop strategies
once you have the 1-values and beliefs 2-emergence of issue 3-research and deve whats next
public awareness
what do you need for public awareness
media exposure so the public sees its an issue
o Get their attention (be strategic)
o Write an engaging news release
o Think like a reporter
o Prepare for and coduct successful interviews
now that you have public awareness what is the next phase called
what is the next step
you are now in the moving into action phase
the first step in this is political engagement
in order to have something placed on political agenda what do you need to do
soften it up
. This refers to the fact that people have to get used to the udea so that the support and acceptance for the solution can be
how is political engagement accomplished
o Know the gov’t str and memebrs of parliament
o Target ind w interest, info, passion
o Utilize carefully considered person-to-person contacst
o Customize the message for each contact person
o Keep these indiviuals regularly updated regarding your activities, your progress, etc.
now youve gone thru -values and beiefs -issue emergence -research and dev -public awareness -political engagement what is next
interest group activation
what occurs in interest group activation
- Important to deliberately exploit every opportunity to repeat the message and if possibly build ripples of interest
- Interest groups are some of the key stakeholders in this part of the process
- Provide the opportunity for the issue and potential policy solution to be repeated over and over again through every medium
after values and beliefs issue emergence research and dev public awareness political engagement interest group activation
what is next
public policy deliberation and adoption
what are the criteria an issue must have if its to survive
: technical feasibility,
value acceptability within the policy community,
tolerable cost,
anticipated public agreement
a reasonable chance for elected officials to be receptive to it
what occurs after policy deliberation and adoption
regulating, experience and revision
regulation experience and revision what happens
- Proposed action becomes a formal policy, law or regulation
- New entity becomes a cultural value or norm, which is routinely experienced and revised until the next issue comes along
what are the three typical approaches to leading change within an org
a strategic approach,
an organizational development or people-drive approach,
and a project management approach
given these three typical approaches -strategic -people driven -project mgmt can you just take one approach and be successful
no one approach is sufficient
what is change leadership framework made up of
in order to have change initiative you need to -being strategic -engaging people -managing the change
how does the being strategic part of the change leadership framework align with the policy cycle steps
- being strategic aligns with
- values and beliefs, problem or issue ID, knowledge dev and researh
what is the most imp thing a leader can bring to a changing organization
passion
conviction
confidence in others
t or f its best to start work on a project before discerning your goals
f
you need goals
under being strategic
beyond goals how should you frame your initiative
use a catchy phrase and make a vision statement
ID the values underying it
what is the end step of the being strategic phase
ensure the feasibility and timeliness of your proposed policy change
engaging people (part of the change leadership framework) aligns with what policy cycle steps
public awareness
political engagement
interest group activation
what are the aspects of engaging people
engaging key stakeholders
developing a project team
