Ch. 6 Digestive Flashcards
1
Q
bilirubin
A
orange-yellow pigment formed during destruction of erythrocytes that is taken up by the liver cells to form bilirubin and extracted in feces
2
Q
bolus
A
mass of masticated food
3
Q
exocrine
A
gland that secretes its products through ext rectory ducts to the surface of an organ or tissue
4
Q
sphincter
A
circular band of muscle fibers that constricts a passage or closes
5
Q
triglycerides
A
a true fate, one glycerol and three fatty acids
6
Q
or/o, stomat/o
A
mouth
7
Q
glosso, linguo
A
tounge
8
Q
bucco
A
cheek
9
Q
cheilo, labio
A
lip
10
Q
dento, ordonto,
A
teeth
11
Q
gingivo
A
gum
12
Q
sialo
A
saliva,
13
Q
esophago
A
esophagus
14
Q
pyloro
A
pylorus
15
Q
entero
A
intestine (small)
16
Q
colo, colono
A
colon
17
Q
sigmoido
A
sigmoid colon
18
Q
procto
A
anus, rectum
19
Q
ano
A
anus
20
Q
hepato
A
liver
21
Q
cholangio
A
bile vessel
22
Q
chol/e
A
bile, gall
23
Q
cholescyst/o
A
gallbladder
24
Q
choledocho
A
bile duct
25
-emesis
vomit
26
-iasis
abnormal condition
27
-megaly
enlargement
28
-orexia
appetite
29
-pepsia
digestion
30
-phagia
swallowing, eating
31
-prandial
meal
32
-rrhea
discharge, flow
33
dia-
through, across
34
peri-
around
35
sub-
under, below
36
anorexia
lack or loss of appetite
37
appendictis
inflammation of the appendix
38
ascites
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity as a result of chronic liver disease
39
borborygmus
rum
40
cachexia
physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass and is commonly associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and cancer
41
cholelithiasis
presence or formation of gallstones
42
cirrhosis
scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease
43
Crohn disease
from of inflammatory bowel disease usually of the ileum
44
dysentery
inflammation of the intestine especially the colon that may be caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, etc
45
dysphagia
inability or difficulty in swallowing
46
eructation
producing gas from the stomach, usually belching
47
fecalith
fecal concretion
48
flatus
gas in GI tract, expelling air, usually through the anus
49
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
back flow of gastric content into the esophagus due to malfunction of the sphincter
50
halitosis
foul smelling breath
51
hematemesis
vomiting of blood
52
irritable bowel syndrome
symtom marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function
53
malabsorption syndrome
symptom of the small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, fluids
54
melena
passage of dark colored, tarry stools
55
morbid obesity
BMI of 40 or greater
56
obstipation
sever constipation
57
oral leukoplakia
formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue
58
peristalsis
wavelike movement that occurs in the hollow tubes of the body
59
pyloric stenosis
structure or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter
60
steatorrhea
passage of fat in large amounts in the feces due to failure to digest and absorb
61
nasogastric intubation
insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach to relieve gastric distention
62
anastomosis
surgical joining of ducts, etc
63
ileorectal anastomosis
connection of ilium and rectum after total colectomy
64
intestinal anastomosis
surgical connection of two portions of the intestine
65
bariatric surgery
croup of procedures that treat morbid obesity
66
vertical banded gastroplatsy
vertical stapling of the upper stomach near the esophagus to reduce it to a small pouch and insertion of a band that restricts food consumption
67
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
stapling the stomach to decrease its size and then shortening the jejunum and connecting it to the small stomach pouch
68
colostomy
creation of an opening of a portion of the colon through the abdominal wall to its outside surface in order to divert fecal flow
69
lithotripsy
procedure for crushing a stone and eliminating its fragments
70
extracorporeal shock-wave
use of shock waves as a noninvasive method to break up stones
71
polypectomy
excision of a polyp
72
pyloromyotomy
incision of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the pylorus
73
gastrointestinal endoscopy
visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using a flexible fiberoptic instrument
74
hepatitis panel
panel of blood test that identifies the specific virus
75
liver function tests
group of blood tests that evaluate liver injury, function, etc
76
serum bilirubin
measurement of the level of bilirubin in the blood
77
stool culture
test to identify micro organisms in feces
78
stool guaiac
test applies substance called guaiac to stool to test hidden blood in feces
79
oral cholecystography
radiographic images taken of the gallbladder after taking a material containing iodine
80
sialography
radiologic examination of the salivary glands
81
antacids
counteract and neutralize acid
82
antidarrheals
control loose stools and relieve diarrhea by absorbing extra water
83
antiemetics
control nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulse to the vomiting center of brain
84
antipasmodics
decrease GI spasms by slowing peristalsis
85
laxatives
increase peristaltic activity in large intestine or increasing water into bowel to induce defecation
86
Ulcerative colitis
Inflammatory disease of the colon
87
Mechanical obstruction
Intentional contents are prevented from moving forward due to an obstacle that blocks the lumen
88
Non mechanical obstruction
When peristalsis is impaired and the intestinal contents cannot be propelled through the bowel
89
Diverticulosis
Small blister like pockets develop in the inner lining of the large intestine and may balloon through the wall
