Ch 6 CHD, Positions + Segmental Approach

Question 1

How can we visualize the coronary arteries on TTE?

Answer 1

Scanning in a HIGHER rib space above PSAX AV will help visualize the coronaries

(note: CD scales are set lower + coronaries are not achievable on all pt’s)

Question 2

What is a definitive feature of the morphologic LV?

Answer 2

MV is less apically displaced

(chamber is also bullet shaped, not triangular)

Question 3

In the normal adult heart, the TV is more apically displaced (closer to the apex) than the MV? T/F

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Describe the cardiac orientation of a heart that has the apex pointing to the right?

Answer 4

Dextrocardia

Question 5

When the morphologic LA is posterior + to the right of the RA, this is describes as?

Answer 5

Situs inversus

(should be to the left of the RA)

Question 6

Pulmonary venous blood flows through what vessel?

Answer 6

Right upper pulmonary vein

(not PA)

Question 7

How would you describe the atrioventricular + ventriculoarterial concordance in the following heart: RA/LV, LV/PA, LA/RV, RV/AO

Answer 7

Atrioventricular discordance + ventriculoarterial discordance

Question 8

The base to apex orientation is towards the left. This is best described as?

Answer 8

Levocardia

Question 9

The remnant of fetal circulation that is found in the RA that is long + web like is what?

Answer 9

Chiari network

(used image in slides)

Question 10

Which chamber variant is described as the apex pointed right ward, the morphological LV + LA positioned in the pt’s right side + the morphological RV + RA positioned in the pt’s left side?

Answer 10

Mirror image dextrocardia

(note: dextroversion is characterized by situs solitus (normal position) of thoracic and abdominal viscera with right cardiac apex)

Question 11

In the image above, which of the following describes this aortic arch distribution? The LCC is coming off the brachiocephalic trunk + the left vertebral is coming off the LSA.

Answer 11

Bovine arch

Question 12

The LV is connected to the pulmonary artery. This is described as a discordant connection. T/F?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

It is impossible to get the crab view on an adult patient + one should not even attempt it. T/F?

Answer 13

False

Question 14

When determing the morphological RA, by angling posteriorly from the AP4 view, this will help us visualize the ___?

Answer 14

Coronary sinus