Ch 6 Flashcards
Alkali metals
Group 1 elements that are very reactive
Periodic law
There is a repetition in the periodic table for element properties when elements are arranged by increasing atomic number
Groups
Vertical columns on the periodic table. Things in groups have similar properties
Periods
Rows on the periodic table
Representative elements
Elements in groups 1, 2, and 13-18 that have a wide range of chemical and physical properties
Transition elements
Groups 3-12 on periodic table.
Metals
Malleable and ductile, good conductors of electricity, shiny when clean.
Alkaline earth metals
Highly reactive, in group 2.
Transition metals
Metals in groups 3-12
Inner transition metals
Lanthanides and actinides. Used as phosphors emit light when electron struck
Nonmetals
Generally an element that is a gas or liquid or just not a metal. Found in upper right of the table
Halogens
Highly reactive group 17
Noble gases
Unreactive things in group 18
Metalloids
Have physical properties of metals and nonmetals. Silicon germanium
S-block
Groups 1 and 2
P-block
Groups 13-18
D-block
Groups 3-12
F-block
Has lanthanides and actinides, inner transition metals
Ion
Atom or bonded group of atoms with a + or - charge
Atomic radius
Half the distance between two atoms of the same element. Increases with higher period but decreases with higher group
Ionization energy
Energy required to remove electron from a gaseous atom
Octet rule
Atoms lose share or gain electrons to try and get 8 valence electrons.
Electro negativity
Relative ability of atoms to attract electrons in a chemical bond
