Ch 5 Flashcards
Electromagnetic radiation
A form of energy that shows wavelike behavior when moving through space
Wavelength
Shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave
Frequency
How many waves pass a point per second
Amplitude
Waves height from origin to crest
Speed of light
3.00 X 10 to the 8th
The electromagnetic wave relationship
Speed of light = wavelength times frequency
Electromagnetic spectrum
EM spectrum it includes all forms of electromagnetic radiation
Quantum
Minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom
Plancks constant
6.626 times 10 to the negative 34th joules.
Energy of a quantum
Equantum = planks constant times frequency
Photoelectric effect
Electrons are emitted from a metals surface when certain frequencies of light are put on it
Photon
Massless particle that contains one quantum of energy
Atomic emission spectrum
Set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of an element.
Ground state
Lowest possible energy of an atom
Quantum number
Assigned to each orbit in the Bohr model
De Broglie equation
Predicts that all moving things have wavelike characteristics
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
You cannot know both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time
Quantum mechanical model of the atom
The model of an atom where electrons are waves
Atomic orbital
Describes an atoms probable position in an atom
Principal quantum number
Indicates relative size and energy of an orbital.
Principal energy level
A level of energy for an orbital. Principal quantum number corresponds to this.
Energy sub levels
Sub levels in principal energy levels. Corresponds to q number
Electron configuration
Arrangement of electrons in an atom
Aufbau principle
Each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available
Pauli exclusion principle
A maximum of two electrons can fit in each orbital but only if they have opposite spins
Hunds rule
Single electrons with the same spin must occupy each orbital before more electrons with opposite spins can come
Valence electrons
Electrons in the atoms outer orbitals
Electron dot structure
Shows valence electrons around atomic symbol
