Ch 6

Question 0

Any atom or group of atoms with a positive charge

Answer 0

Cation

Question 1

Half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element one atoms are joined

Answer 1

Atomic radius

Question 2

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom and it’s gaseous state

Answer 2

Ionization energy

Question 3

And atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge

Answer 3

Ion

Question 4

Any atom or group of atoms with a negative charge

Answer 4

Anion

Question 5

The ability of an atom to attract electrons when atom is in a compound

Answer 5

Electronegativity

Question 6

How does atomic size change with in groups and across periods

Answer 6

Atomic size increases from top to bottom within a group and decreases from left to right across a period

Question 7

When do ions form

Answer 7

Ions form when electrons are transferred between atoms

Question 8

How do first ionization energies vary within groups and across periods

Answer 8

Ionization energy tends to decrease from top to bottom within a group and increase from left to right across a period

Question 9

Compare the sizes of ions to the size of the atoms from which they form

Answer 9

Ionic size tends to increase from top to bottom within a group. (Cations-smaller than atom they are formed from; anion- larger than atom they are formed from). atomic size also tends to increase from top to bottom within a group but it also decreases from left to right across a period. Ex. an increasing nuclear charge pulls the electrons in the highest occupied energy level closer to the nucleus, decreasing the atomic size

Question 10

How do electronegativity values very within groups- across periods

Answer 10

Electronegativity values decrease from top to bottom within a group. for representative elements, the values tend to increase from left to right across a period

Question 11

In general, how can the periodic trends displayed by elements be explained

Answer 11

Atomic or ionic size relates to the area an element is placed on the periodic table. An example like the elements is the weather, because it has trends even though it changes every day

Question 12

Arrange these elements in order of decreasing atomic size: sulfur, chlorine, aluminum, and sodium. Does your arrangement demonstrate a periodic trend or a group trend

Answer 12

Chlorine, sulfur, aluminum, sodium-periodic trend

Question 13

Which element in each pair has the larger first ionization energy?
A) sodium, potassium
B) magnesium, phosphorus

Answer 13

A) potassium

B) phosphorous