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Chemistry > Ch 19 > Flashcards

Ch 19 Flashcards

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0
Q

what pH must organisms maintain

A

a near neutral pH of 7

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1
Q

what does alkalinity mean

A

alkalinity is basic

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2
Q

what characteristic of life would maintaining this balance be

A

homeostasis

ex: digestive system

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3
Q

what chemicals does the bod produce to keep neutral pH

A

buffers

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4
Q

buffers ________ acids in the body

A

neutralize

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5
Q

acidic and basic conditions occur due to _________ reactions in the body

A

metabolic (chemical)

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6
Q

what is dissociation

A

the force of attraction between water molecules is so strong that the oxygen atom of one molecule can actually remove hudrogen from other water molecues

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7
Q

what is the chemical formula for water

A

H2O

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8
Q

what is an ion

A

a charge atom or molecule

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9
Q

name the 2 ions formed when water dissociates

A

hydroxide and hydrogen

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10
Q

what is the hydroxide ion

A

OH-

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11
Q

what is a hydrogen ion

A

H+

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12
Q

what is the hydronium ion and its formula

A

free H+ ions that can read with another water molecule to form H3O, the hydronium ion

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13
Q

how do you measure for acidity or alkalinity

A

you test the relative amount of H+ and OH- ions that dissolve in a solution

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14
Q

what is a neutral solution

A

solutions that have an equal number of H+ and OH- ions

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15
Q

acids have more ____ ions and taste _____. And can be _____

A

H3O or H+
sour
corrosive

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16
Q

bases contain more ____ ions than _____ ions

A

OH-

H3O

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17
Q

_____ fluids are acid in the body and must be ____ by ____

A

digestive
neutralized
buffers

18
Q

bases taste _____ and feel slippery

A

bitter

slippery

19
Q

what is neutralization

A

neutralization is when acids and bases are combined to bring the pH of a solution closer to 7

20
Q

what 2 things are produced by neutralization

A

salt and water

21
Q

neutralization keeps our pH at _____ and is an example of maintaining _____

A

7

homeostasis

22
Q

a compound that produces hydrogen ions in solution

A

acid

23
Q

a compound that produces hydroxide ions in solution

A

base

24
Q

how does the Bronsted-Lowry theory define acids and bases

A

acid-a hydrogen-ion donor

base-a hydrogen-ion acceptor

25
Q

T or F? Some of the acids and bases included in the Arrhenius theory are not acids and bases according to the Bronsted-Lowry theory.

A

false

26
Q

T or F? A conjugate acid is the particle formed when a base gains a hydrogen ion

A

true

27
Q

a conjugate _____ is the particle that remains when an acid has donated a hydrogen ion

A

base

28
Q

what is a conjugate acid-base pair

A

two substances that are related by the loss or gain of a single hydrogen ion

29
Q

a substance that can act as both an acid and a base is said to be ____

A

amphoteric

30
Q

in a reaction with HCl, is water an acid or base

A

base

31
Q

what is a Lewis acid

A

a Lewis acid is any substance that can accept a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond

32
Q

a Lewis base is a substance that can _____ a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond

A

donate

33
Q

T or F? All the acids and bases included n the Bronsted-Lowry theory are also acids and bases according to the Lewis theory

A

true

34
Q

properties of acids

A

ex: sour taste, forming solutions that conduct electricity, and causing indicators to change colors

35
Q

bases are compounds that react with acids to form _____ and a _______

A

hydroxide ions

neutralize; salt/water

36
Q

properties of bases

A

ex: taste bitter, feel slippery, and change the color of an indicator

37
Q

monoprotic

A

one

38
Q

diprotic

A

2

39
Q

triprotic

A

3

40
Q

hydrogen is joined to a very _____ element in a very polar bond

A

electronegative

41
Q

alkali metals react with water to produce _____ solutions

A

basic

42
Q

how do concentrated basic solutions differ from other basic solutions

A

concentrated basic solutions have more ions than other basic solutions
weight and compression

Chemistry (4 decks)

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