CH 6

Question 1

what type of properties does matter have

Answer 1

physical properties (touch, taste, smell, see) everything you can touch and see is matter (except light and electricity) all matter us made up of chemicals

Question 2

how many elements are there

Answer 2

118, 98 occur naturally on earth, the remaining are synthetic elements. (artificial)

Question 3

how are molecules made

Answer 3

by combining atoms (just like words combine to make a sentence)
a chemical reaction of 2 or more atoms in a definite proportion.

Question 4

what are the two ways matter can be changed

Answer 4

a physical change - change in form for physical properties without chemical reaction (ice to water)

a chemical change - change in chemical makeup caused by chemical reactions that create new chemical substances , usually by combining or subtracting certain elements. (dying hair)

Question 5

what are the two things all matter be classified as

Answer 5

a pure substance or a physical mixture

pure- chem combo of matter in definite (fixed) proportions. have unique properties (ex: water and salt)

physical- combo of matter in any proportion (ex salt water)

Question 6

solutions, suspensions and emulsions are all ____

Answer 6

physical mixtures

Question 7

difference between solution, solute and solvent?

Answer 7

solution- stable, uniform mixture of two or more substances

solute- substance that is dissolved in the solution

solvent- the substance that dissolves the solute and makes the solution.

solute + solvent= solution
ex: when salt is dissolved in water, salt is the solute and water is the solvent. salt water is the solution

Question 8

all ___ are miscible or immiscible

Answer 8

LIQUIDS

Question 9

what is the difference between miscible and immiscible

Answer 9

miscible liquids are mutually soluble. they can be mixed together to form solutions. ex: water and alcohol (nail polish remover) when mixed they will stay mixed, forming a solution

immiscible - liquids that cannot mix to form a stable solution. ex: oil and water

Question 10

what is a suspension?

Answer 10

unstable and separate over time ex:glitter in nail polish and calamine lotion

Question 11

what is an emulsion / emulsifier ?

Answer 11

emulsion is an unstable mix of products that will not stay mixed plus an emulsifier which binds the two unwilling products. they can separate but over a long period of time. ex: skin cream, contains oil and water)

Question 12

what is (W/O and O/W)?

Answer 12

W/O= water in oil emulsion. water droplets surrounded by oil. greasier than O/W because water is hidden (styling creams)

O/W= oil in water emulsion. oil droplets surrounded by water. not as greasy because oil is hidden.

Question 13

what products contain pH

Answer 13

only products that contain water

Question 14

pH scale

Answer 14

measures acidity and alkalinity of substances. has a scale from 0-14
7= neutral
below 7= acidic solution
above 7= alkaline solution

Question 15

oxidation vs reduction

Answer 15

oxidation= +oxygen and -hydrogen
reduction= +hydrogen and -oxygen

Question 16

what is it called when chemical reactions release energy in the form of heat

Answer 16

exothermic reaction
(exo=exit) (thermo=heat)

Question 17

what is naturalization and why is it important

Answer 17

repairs natural pH of skin and hair
restores bodys equilibrium

Question 18

how should you store and transport chemicals

Answer 18

in their original containers and stored away from each other to avoid reaction