Ch #6

Question 1

Amateurs

Answer 1

Pursued personal inclinations and claimed moral high ground of art, beauty, and truth avoided commercialism

Question 2

Professionals

Answer 2

Perceived amateurs as elitists who ignored the photographic needs of the majority of people

Question 3

Charles Baudelaire

Answer 3

French symbolist poet; Asserted that photography lacked imagination; Photography fails to critically address the world in which it functions

Question 4

Mayer and Pierson studio sued Thiebault, Betbeder, and Schwabe studio for copyright infringement but photography had to be considered art to be legally covered

Answer 4

1861

Question 5

Photography legally considered legitimate art

Answer 5

1862

Question 6

Gustave Le Gray, Mer Méditerranée - Sète, 1857, Albumen Silver Print from TWO glass negatives

Answer 6

Take two different photos, one of the sky and one of the water, and combine them

Question 7

Two Ways of Life, 1857/printed in 1925, albumen silver print

Answer 7

Oscar J. Rejlander

Question 8

William H. Mumler, Three “Spirits” with a Photograph on a Table Propped Against a Vase with Flowers,1862-75, albumen silver print

Answer 8

Spiritualists believed that the human personality survived death and could communicate with the living through a medium who was sensitive to the spirit’s vibrations.; Spirit photographs were produced by double exposure or multiple printing

Question 9

Positivism and Photography

Answer 9

Only what we see should/can be believed gave photographers a new credibility to portray their images are absolute truth; Attempt by photographers to use pictures that would be accepted in the academic establishment

Question 10

G.B. Duchenne De Boulogne “The Mechanism of Human Facial Expression”

Answer 10

One of the first medical books to be illustrated with photographs