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American Republic > Ch. 6-11 > Flashcards

Ch. 6-11 Flashcards

1
Q

Army formed for colonies, lead by Washington

A

Continental Army

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2
Q

Lead continental army, later 1st US president

A

George Washington

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3
Q

Lead the green mountain boys to capture fort Ticonderoga

A

Ethan Allen

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4
Q

Wrote pamphlets, most famous one called “Common Sense”

A

Thomas Paine

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5
Q

Wrote the Declaration of Independence, 3rd president

A

Thomas Jefferson

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6
Q

People who were ready to fight for complete independence

A

Patriots

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7
Q

Major patriot victory in war for independence, considered turning point of the war

A

Saratoga

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8
Q

School teacher from Connecticut turned to spy

A

Nathan Hale

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9
Q

Washington’s army headquarters outside Philadelphia for the winter of 1777-78

A

Valley Forge, Pennsylvania

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10
Q

“I have not yet begun to fight”, primary commander at sea

A

John Paul Jones

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11
Q

British commander who surrendered to Washington

A

Charles Cornwallis

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12
Q

July 4, 1776

A

Date the Declaration of Independence was signed, “America’s Birthday”

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13
Q

Colonists who opposed fighting Britain

A

Loyalists/Tories

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14
Q

Loose league of states

A

Confederation

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15
Q

Document to governor colonies as a whole, predecessor to the constitution

A

Articles of Confederation

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16
Q

To formally approve

A

Ratify

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17
Q

Provided for the surveying and sale of the Northwest Territory

A

Northwest/Land Ordinance of 1885

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18
Q

Required the Northwest Territory to be divided into at least 3 but no more than 5 territories, from which the modern states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin formed

A

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

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19
Q

Taxes on imported items

A

Tariff

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20
Q

Three political leaders present at the Philadelphia convention

A

(1) George Washington
(2) James Madison- “father of the constitution”
(3) Benjamin Franklin

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21
Q

Government based on representatives

A

Republic

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22
Q

Aka Connecticut Compromise, decision that said the House of Representatives is based off population but the Senate is 2 people per state

A

Great Compromise

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23
Q

Compromise that stated every 5 slaves would be counted as 3 people

A

Three-Fifths Compromise

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24
Q

People who supported the idea of the Constitution

A

Federalists

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25
Q

People who didn’t support the idea of the Constitution

A

Anti-Federalists

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26
Q

Body established by the constitution to elect the president

A

Electoral College

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27
Q

1st 10 amendments to the constitution that protects people from the government

A

Bill of Rights

28
Q

Written in 1787, highest law in America

A

United States Constitution

29
Q

3 branches of government

A

(1) Legislative
(2) Executive
(3) Judicial

30
Q

Formed by the Senate and House of Representatives (Congress) writes laws

A

Legislative branch

31
Q

Formed by the president, enforces laws

A

Executive branch

32
Q

Formed by the Supreme Court, interprets laws

A

Judicial branch

33
Q

Divides the government into 3 branches

A

Separation of powers

34
Q

How the 3 branches of government work together so that no branch has to much power

A

Checks and Balances

35
Q

2 houses (House of Representatives and The Senate) forms congress

A

Bicameral system

36
Q

Happens when a president is tried for crimes

A

Impeachment

37
Q

When the president rejects a bill and sends it back to congress

A

Veto

38
Q

The right to vote

A

Suffrage

39
Q

Formal ceremony starting a president’s term, held in January

A

Inauguration

40
Q

A group of advisors to assist with the president’s responsibilities

A

Cabinet

41
Q

Act of forcing captured American sailors to serve in the British navy

A

Impressment

42
Q

American purchase of the French territory of Louisiana in 1803 for $15 million (2.8 cents per acre)

A

Louisiana Purchase

43
Q

Jefferson’s secretary sent to explore Louisiana territory as leader

A

Lewis

44
Q

Co-leader chose by leader to survey and mapmake, was a naturalist

A

Clark

45
Q

To end all exports from the US

A

Embargo

46
Q

War fought between American and Britain to ensure freedom on the ocean

A

War on 1812

47
Q

A president who is seeking a second term

A

Incumbent

48
Q

A 1823 foreign policy statement by Monroe that stated European nations couldn’t intervene in that Western Hemisphere except in their own colonies and that the US couldn’t meddle in European matters

A

Monroe Doctrine

49
Q

Balance of free and slavery states

A

Missouri Compromise

50
Q

View that each state was an independent body, voluntarily joined the Union and had the right to control its most important affairs

A

States’ Rights

51
Q

Jackson’s Vice President, became leading defender of states’ rights

A

John Calhoun

52
Q

The act of a state leaving the union, 1st state to do this was South Carolina

A

Secession

53
Q

Man who found the Cumberland Gap, great woodsman chosen to cut the Great Wagon Road

A

Daniel Boone

54
Q

Boat powered by steam that could go upstream and not just follow with the current, designed by Robert Fulton

A

Steam boat

55
Q

Shallow, manmade water highway

A

Canal

56
Q

1800s, tracks laid across the country for travel and communication

A

Railroad

57
Q

Mail delivery system from Missouri to California, took about 8-10 days, with riders traveling about 70 miles each and changing horses every 10-15 miles

A

Pony express

58
Q

System of long and short electrical impulses with wires laid across that country

A

Telegram

59
Q

The growth of things

A

Agriculture

60
Q

Improved the iron plow to steel

A

John Deere

61
Q

Reaping machine

A

Cyrus McCormick

62
Q

Cotton gin, separated cotton from the seed

A

Eli Whitney

63
Q

Developed in England, building for mass production

A

Factory system

64
Q

Invented the sewing machine

A

Howe

65
Q

Perfected the sewing machine

A

Singer

American Republic (5 decks)

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