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American Republic > Ch. 1-5 > Flashcards

Ch. 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

Southern Mexico and Guatemala, began before 1000BC, performed human sacrifices for religion, developed system of writing like Egyptian hieroglyphs, created 365 day calendar, discovered new concepts in math like the idea of zero

A

Maya

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2
Q

Mexico/Mexico City, built Tenochtitlan (city built from drained swamp land), overthrown by conquistadors, performed human sacrifice for religion

A

Aztec

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3
Q

Italian sailor, thought the world was round and could sail to India, eventually supported by Spain, sailed in August 1492, instead of finding India landed in the Bahamas,found the “New World”

A

Christoper Columbus

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4
Q

Best know Viking adventurer, found new land west of present day Newfoundland, Canada, and called it Vinland

A

Leif Ericson

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5
Q

Italian merchant, one of the 1st explores to suggest Columbus had not found Far East, claimed the land was a “new world”, German mapmaker named the new continent America after him

A

Amerigo Vespucci

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6
Q

1st person to circumnavigate the world, although he died before he finished the trip he is still credited for it

A

Ferdinand Magellan

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7
Q

Line of division of South America, divided the property of Spain and Portugal decided by the pope

A

Line of Demarcation

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8
Q

Famous Sea Dog, favorite of the queen of England, sailed to South America, plundered Spanish ports and captured treasure ships, Spanish also called him “master thief” and “dragon”

A

Sir Francis Drake

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9
Q

Called the “Invincible Armada”, 1588 Philip II tried to conquer England with this, a supposedly unbeatable fleet of warships

A

Spanish Armada

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10
Q

The 1st permanent English colony in the new world, lead by John Smith, 1607

A

Jamestown, VA

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11
Q

Man who helped Jamestown survive, stated those who did not work would not eat, initiated a relationship with Indians

A

John Smith

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12
Q

1619, the first representative assembly in America

A

House of Burgesses
(Burgesses- representatives of the people)

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13
Q

7 reasons the English came to America (5 needed)

A

(1) religious freedom
(2) personal wealth
(3) adventure
(4) land
(5) national wealth
(6) English domination
(7) political freedom

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14
Q

5 difficulties faced by early settlers (3 needed)

A

(1) relationships with Indians
(2) lack of food and shelter, starvation
(3) financial aid to support the colony
(4) unorganized government
(5) diseases and sickness

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15
Q

Original 13 colonies of America

A

(1) Massachusetts
(2) Rhode Island
(3) Connecticut
(4) New Hampshire
(5) New York
(6) New Jersey
(7) Pennsylvania
(8) Delaware
(9) Virginia
(10) Maryland
(11) South Carolina
(12) North Carolina
(13) Georgia

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16
Q

Members of the Anglican Church who wanted to purify the church of Roman Catholic practices and ceremonies

A

Puritan

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17
Q

Group that chose to separate themselves from the Anglican Church and hold their own worship services

A

Separatists/Pilgrims

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18
Q

Document that established the 1st self government in the new world, elected John carver to be leader, wrote to maintain peace

A

Mayflower compact

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19
Q

Became governor of Plymouth in 1621, wise and godly leadership helped guide the pilgrims in difficulties

A

William Bradford

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20
Q

Separatist that beloved church and state should be completely separate, expelled from Massachusetts due to continuously sharing his views, bought land from Indians and started a town called Providence in present day Rhode Island

A

Roger Williams

21
Q

1st written constitution in America, according to document the government’s authority lays in the consent of the people, settlers merged Connecticut and Hartford and wrote this

A

Fundamental Order of Connecticut

22
Q

3 primary occupations in New England Colonies (2 required)

A

(1) fisher
(2) shipbuilding
(3) whalers

23
Q

Nickname for the middle colonies due to mass production of this product

A

Bread colonies

24
Q

Large farms in the southern colonies, large fields used to make greater profits, usually worked by slaves and owned by free white men

A

Plantations

25
Q

Most common food crop in all the colonies due to its quick growing time

A

Corn

26
Q

Underdeveloped area at the edge of the settled areas

A

Frontier

27
Q

Individuals who gained passage to America in return for 4-7 years labor upon arrival in the colonies

A

Indentured servants

28
Q

Africans took and sold for cheep labor

A

Slaves

29
Q

The local army in the colonies

A

Militia

30
Q

Free adult white male property owners also called freemen, allowed to vote

A

Freeholders

31
Q

Began in 1720s, revival that started in New England

A

Great awakening

32
Q

Philosophical movement that emphasized science and reason above all else

A

Enlightenment

33
Q

Philosophy that said the Bible needed to be tested by human reason, rejected traditional Christian teachings

A

Deism

34
Q

Schools that hired teachers and provided more in depth education that dame schools but normally limited to males

A

Grammar schools

35
Q

Colleges began to be built, Harvard, Yale, etc

A

Higher education

36
Q

System used to teach trades to boys who could not go to college, usually lasting about 7 years

A

Apprenticeship

37
Q

French and Indian War was fought between what 2 countries

A

France and Britain

38
Q

Whose side was the Indians on during the French and Indian war

A

French mainly

39
Q

Who won the French and Indian war

A

Britain

40
Q

What effects did the French and Indian war have on the colonies (3)

A

(1) heavy casualties
(2) high taxes
(3) gave Britain more control

41
Q

Required colonies to house British troops on barracks, stables, taverns, and empty buildings and provide them with other necessary supplies

A

Quartering

42
Q

Passed between 1651-1733, mercantilistic policies to control colonial trade

A

Navigation and Trade Acts

43
Q

1765, required colonial businessmen and lawyers to purchase special stamps and place them on important items and documents

A

Stamp Act

44
Q

The outbreak of violence between colonists and British troops on March 5, 1770, resulting in the deaths of 5 people that were labeled as “martyrs”

A

Boston Massacre

45
Q

Aka the Coercive Acts, closed Boston’s port until destroyed tea was paid for, allowed royal officials with crimes to be tried in London or other colonies, changed Massachusetts charter, gave British more control and passes a new quartering act (1774)

A

Intolerable Acts

46
Q

Man that same the famous phrase “give me liberty or give me death”, suggested the idea of full independence from Britain

A

Patrick Henry

47
Q

Sessions that adopted a formal statement of protest

A

First continental congress

48
Q

April 18,1775, man who rode through the countryside warning colonists “the British are coming”

A

Paul revere

49
Q

Place where first shots of the war for independence were shot

A

Lexington, Massachusetts 1775

American Republic (5 decks)

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