Ch 6-10 Vocab

Question 1

Maurbury v Madison

Answer 1

a landmark case by the United States Supreme Court which forms the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III

Question 2

Embargo act of 1807

Answer 2

a law passed by the United State Congress and signed by President Thomas Jefferson on December 22, 1807. It prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports

Question 3

War hawks

Answer 3

a number of young and outspoken members of congress who were foes of Great Britain and supporters of expansion by the United States and the war of 1812

Question 4

Treaty of Ghent

Answer 4

peace treaty that ended the War of 1812

Question 5

Monroe doctrine

Answer 5

United States policy of opposing European colonialism in The Americas beginning in 1823.

Question 6

Louisiana purchase

Answer 6

under Jefferson, bought the Louisiana territory from France, under the rule of Napoleon, in 1803. The U.S. paid $15 million

Question 7

Lewis and Clark expedition

Answer 7

an expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States

Question 8

Era of good feelings

Answer 8

period in the political history of the United States that reflected a sense of national purpose and a desire for unity among Americans in the aftermath of the War of 1812.

Question 9

Missouri comprise

Answer 9

passed in 1820 admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state to preserve the balance

Question 10

Black codes

Answer 10

laws passed by Democrat-controlled Southern states in 1865 and 1866, after the Civil War. These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans’ freedom

Question 11

Denmark veseys conspiracy

Answer 11

a plot to seize the city of Charlestown, South Carolina and kill all the whites, local authorities exposed the most comprehensive slave plot in the history of the United States. More than 1,000

Question 12

Gabriel’s rebellion

Answer 12

literate enslaved blacksmith who planned a large slave rebellion in the Richmond area in the summer of 1800

Question 13

Gang system

Answer 13

system of division of labor within slavery on a plantation.

Question 14

Nat turners rebellion

Answer 14

a slave rebellion that took place in Southampton County, Virginia, during August 1831. Led by Nat Turner, rebel slaves killed from 55 to 65 people, the largest and deadliest slave uprising in U.S. history

Question 15

Underground Railroad

Answer 15

a network of secret routes and safe houses established in the United States during the early-to-mid 19th century, and used by African-American slaves to escape into free states

Question 16

Industrial revolution

Answer 16

transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840

Question 17

Second great awakening

Answer 17

a Protestant religious revival during the early 19th century in the United States.

Question 18

Yeomen farmer

Answer 18

owned his own modest farm and worked it primarily with family labor

Question 19

Nullification crisis

Answer 19

A political crisis ensuing after South Carolina declared that the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and therefore null and void within the sovereign boundaries of the state

Question 20

Democrats

Answer 20

Supported: small farmers & mechanics; Anti-National Bank; States control/build roads & canals; Proslavery

Question 21

Indian removal act

Answer 21

authorizing the president to grant unsettled lands west of the Mississippi in exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders. A few tribes went peacefully, but many resisted the relocation policy

Question 22

Worcester v Georgia

Answer 22

held that the Georgia criminal statute that prohibited non-Native Americans from being present on Native American lands without a license from the state was unconstitutional.

Question 23

Blackhawk

Answer 23

Lead a rebellion against the United States. The war started in Illinois and spread to the Wisconsin Territory. It ended in August 1832 when Illinois militia slaughtered more than 200 Sauk and Fox people

Question 24

Trail of tears

Answer 24

The forced removal of native Americans forum their southwestern land to and area west of the Mississippi

Question 25

Bank war

Answer 25

campaign begun by President Andrew Jackson in 1833 to destroy the Second Bank of the United States, believed the bank was corrupt, but abused powers to remove it

Question 26

Mormons

Answer 26

A religious cultural group which moved to the Utah territory after their leader, joe smith died in ny

Question 27

Eli Whitney

Answer 27

Invented the cotton gin

Question 28

Samuel slater

Answer 28

Established the factory system in the us

Question 29

National road

Answer 29

First national road building project funded by congress

Question 30

Erie Canal

Answer 30

363-mile-long artificial waterway connecting the Hudson River with Lake Erie, built between 1817 and 1825

Question 31

Robert Fulton

Answer 31

designed the first commercially successful steamboat

Question 32

Lowell mills

Answer 32

Factories hiring young female workers producing textiles, bad conditions

Question 33

Specie circular

Answer 33

Passed by Andrew Jackson, required land purchased by the us to be made in gold and silver, devalued paper money

Question 34

Market revolution

Answer 34

Drastic change in manual labor beginning in the south and spread to the rest of the world

Question 35

Henry clays American system

Answer 35

• protective tariffs,
• national bank
• internal improvements

Question 36

Putting out system

Answer 36

merchant-employers “put out” materials to rural producers who usually worked in their homes but sometimes laboured in workshops replaced by the factory system

Question 37

Transendentalism

Answer 37

A philosophical movement that developed with interest in Unitarianism and a connection with nature

Question 38

Declaration of sentiments

Answer 38

First declaration of women’s rights signed at the first women’s rights convention organized by women

Question 39

Senica falls convention

Answer 39

First women’s rights convention, held in ny

Question 40

Temperance

Answer 40

The social movement against the consumption of alcohol

Question 41

Female moral reform society

Answer 41

was created for the fundamental purpose of preventing prostitution in early 19th century New York. It paid the most at the time and was not illegal

Question 42

Shakers

Answer 42

Religious movement, believed god had a female and male component, named for their ecstatic dances

Question 43

American colonization society

Answer 43

founded in 1816 to assist free black people in emigrating to Africa

Question 44

Liberty party

Answer 44

Minor political party with opposed slavery heavily

Question 45

Abolitionists

Answer 45

People who opposed slavery

Question 46

William Lloyd garrison

Answer 46

Leader of the American Anti-slavery Society AASS

Question 47

Grimke sisters

Answer 47

First American female advocates for abolition and womens rights

Question 48

Tammany society

Answer 48

A democratic political machine which helped immigrants, especially Irish, gain a voice in politics

Question 49

Political machine

Answer 49

political organization in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses

Question 50

Unions

Answer 50

an organized association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests

Question 51

Manifest destiny

Answer 51

the 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

Question 52

Oregon trail

Answer 52

An emigration trail connecting the Missouri River with the Oregon territory

Question 53

Cult of domesticity

Answer 53

A prevailing set of social values where women have to meet the standards of piety, purity, domesticity, and submissiveness