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Pharmacology > Ch. 59 Antiemetic Agents > Flashcards

Ch. 59 Antiemetic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

what is the prototype of Phenothiazine

A

Prochlorperazine (Compazine)

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2
Q

what is the prototype of Nonphenothiazine

A

Metaclopramide (Reglan)

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3
Q

what is the prototype of Anticholinergic/Antihistamine

A

Meclizine (Antivert)

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4
Q

what is the prototype of Serotonin Receptor Block

A

Ondansetron (zofran)

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5
Q

Scenario: Patient comes into the ER vomiting and says they think it might have been the sushi he/she had for dinner. What medication would you give first, second, and last if the following didn’t work?

A

First: ondansetron (zofran)
Second: Metaclopramide (reglan)
Last: Prochlorperazine (compazine)

Note: you always want to give medication with the least adverse effects first and move your way up if the medication is not effective.

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6
Q

Meclizine: Indications

A
  • prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting, motion sickness, sea sick
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7
Q

Meclizine: Actions

A

Blocks cholinergic receptors in the vomiting center, has peripheral anticholinergic effects

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8
Q

Meclizine: Adverse Effects

A
  • drowsiness
  • confusion
  • dry mouth
  • anorexia
  • urinary frequency
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9
Q

Ondansetron: Indications

A
  • control of severe nausea and vomiting associated w/ emetogenic cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy
  • treatment of postop nausea and vomiting
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10
Q

Ondansetron: Actions

A
  • Block specific receptor sites associated w/ nausea and vomiting, peripherally and in the chemoreceptor trigger zone
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11
Q

Ondansetron: Adverse Effects

A
  • headache
  • dizziness
  • drowsiness
  • myalgia (pain in muscle or group of muscles)
  • urinary retention
  • constipation
  • pain at injection site
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12
Q

Prochlorperazine: Indications

A

control of severe nausea and vomiting

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13
Q

Prochlorperazine: Actions

A
  • mechanism of action not understood

- depresses various areas of the CNS including the CTZ in the medulla

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14
Q

Prochlorperazine: Adverse Effects

A
  • drowsiness
  • DYSTONIA (Involuntary muscle contractions that cause repetitive or twisting movements)
  • photophobia
  • blurred vision
  • urine discolored pink to red-brown
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15
Q

Metoclopramide: Indications

A

prevention of nausea and vomiting associated w/ emetogenic cancer chemo, prevention of postop n/v

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16
Q

Metoclopramide: Actions

A

slows GI activity, sedating

17
Q

Metoclopramide: Adverse Effects

A
  • drowsiness
  • fatigue
  • restlessness
  • extrapyramidal symptoms (look it up CRAZY stuff)
  • diarrhea

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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