Ch. 5: Vocab + Grammar

Question 1

אֵשׁ

Answer 1

fire; feminine

Question 2

הֵיכָל

Answer 2

temple, palace

Question 3

וְ

Answer 3

and, but, also, even, then

Question 4

זָהָב

Answer 4

gold

Question 5

חֶ֫רֶב

Answer 5

sword; feminine

Question 6

חַי (adj)

חַיִּים (noun)

Answer 6

(adj) living, alive; (noun) life, lifetime

Question 7

יֶ֫לֶד

Answer 7

child, boy, youth

Question 8

יָם

Answer 8

sea

Question 9

כֶּ֫סֶף

Answer 9

silver, money

Question 10

כֹּה

Answer 10

thus, here

Question 11

מָקוֹם

Answer 11

place, location

Question 12

מִשְׁפָּט

Answer 12

judgment, decision, ordinance, law, custom, manner

Question 13

מִזְבֵּחַ

Answer 13

altar

Question 14

נְאֻם

Answer 14

utterance, announcement, revelation

Question 15

עוֹלָם

Answer 15

forever, everlasting, ancient

Question 16

עָנָן

Answer 16

clouds, cloud mass

Question 17

רוּחַ

Answer 17

spirit, wind, breath; usually feminine

Question 18

שַׂר

Answer 18

chief official, ruler, prince

Question 19

שַׁ֫עַר

Answer 19

gate

Question 20

שָׁמַ֫יִם

Answer 20

heaven, sky

Question 21

What are the three (3) marks of the definite article?

Answer 21

1. The ה
2. The pathach
3. The daghesh forte

Question 22

What is Compensatory Lengthening?

Answer 22

Compensatory Lengthening: the lengthening of a vowel to compensate for the rejection of the daghesh forte.

With initial א ,ע ,ר, the rejection of the daghesh forte results in the lengthening of the pathach to a qamets.

Question 23

What is Virtual Doubling?

Answer 23

Virtual Doubling: With initial ה or ח, the daghesh forte is rejected but the pathach vowel does NOT lengthen.

Question 24

What happens with an article and an initial Begadkephat consonant?

Answer 24

With the addition of the article, the Daghesh Lene is replaced with a Daghesh Forte.

Question 25

What is the Irregular Seghol Vowel and when does it occur?

Answer 25

When nouns begin with an unaccented עָ הָ חָ (the חָ may also be accented), the definite article takes a seghol, without a Daghesh Forte.

Example: חָכָם (wise man) becomes הֶחָכָם (the wise man).

Question 26

When will the conjunction וְ appear as וְ?

Answer 26

Before most consonants. Occurs this way about 50% of the time.

Question 27

When will the conjunction וְ appear as Shureq (וּ)?

Answer 27

In two circumstances:

(1) When before ב ,מ ,פ (bump rule). Initial Begadkephat lose daghesh lene/forte.
(2) Before most consonants have a Vocal Shewa.

Question 28

What happens to the conjunction וְ when before a reduced or Hateph vowel, and what is the exception to this rule?

Answer 28

It is spelled with corresponding short vowel of Hateph vowel. For example: חֲלוֹם (dream) becomes וַחֲלוֹם.

Exception: When אֱלֹהִים (God) occurs with וְ, it is spelled וֵאלֹהִים (and God).

Question 29

When may וְ be spelled with a qamets (וָ)?

Answer 29

Before monosyllabic words and certain words with an initial accent.

Question 30

What are the four (4) basic spelling possibilities for the conjunction וְ?

Answer 30

1. Before most consonants, conjunction will appear as וְ.
2. Before ב ,מ ,פ (“bump” rule) and syllables beginning with Vocal Shewa, conjunction will appear as וּ (Shureq).
3. Before Hateph vowel, conjunction is spelled with corresponding short vowel of the Hateph vowel.
4. Before monosyllabic words and certain words with initial accent, conjuction is spelled with qamets (וָ).