Ch. 5 Vocab

Question 1

Periodic table

Answer 1

An arrangement of the electrons in order of their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties fall in the same column, or group

Question 2

Periodic law

Answer 2

The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers

Question 3

Lanthanide

Answer 3

14 elements with atomic numbers from 58 (cerium, Ce) to 71 (Lutetium, Lu)

Question 4

Actinide

Answer 4

14 elements with atomic numbers from 90 (Thorium, Th) to 103 (Lawrencium, Lr)

Question 5

Alkali metals

Answer 5

Elements in group 1 of the periodic table

Question 6

Alkaline earth metals

Answer 6

Elements in group 2 of the periodic table

Question 7

Transition elements

Answer 7

The d block elements, metals with typical metallic properties

Question 8

Main-group elements

Answer 8

P block elements together with the S block elements

Question 9

Halogens

Answer 9

The elements in group 17 of the periodic table

Question 10

Atomic radius

Answer 10

One-half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together

Question 11

Ion

Answer 11

Atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge

Question 12

Ionization

Answer 12

Any process that results in the formation of an ion

Question 13

Ionization energy

Answer 13

The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element

Question 14

Electron affinity

Answer 14

The energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom

Question 15

Cation

Answer 15

A positive ion

Question 16

Anion

Answer 16

A negative ion

Question 17

Valence electrons

Answer 17

The electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds

Question 18

Electronegativity

Answer 18

Measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound