Ch 5 Vocab Flashcards
units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the energy that foods supply to the body
calories
the process by which the body takes in and uses food
nutrition
substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy
nutrients
a natural physical drive that protects you from starvation
hunger
a desire, rather than a need, to eat
appetite
the starches and sugars present in foods
carbohydrates
an indigestible complex carbohydrate
fiber
nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissues
proteins
a fatty substance that does not dissolve in water
lipid
compounds that help regulate many vital bod processes including the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of other nutrients
vitamins
substances that the body cannot manufacture but that are needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and for regulating many vital body processes
minerals
a set of recommendations for healthful eating and active living
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
a guide for making healthful daily food choices
Food Guide Pyramid
substances intentionally added to food to produce a desired effect
food additives
a condition in which the body’s immune system reacts to substances in some foods
food allergy
a negative reaction to a food or part of food caused by a metabolic problem, such as the inability to digest parts of certain foods or food components
food intolerance
food poisoning
foodborne illness
the process of treating a substance with heat to destroy or slow the growth of pathogens
pasteurization
the spreading of bacteria or other pathogens from one food to another
cross-contamination
