Ch. 5 : Stability, Cloud Development, Precipiation

Question 0

adiabtic process

Answer 0

if a parcel expands & cools or compresses & warms , with no interchange of heat with uts outside surroundings
as long as the air in parcel is unsaturated (RH <100) the rate of adiabtic cooling or warming is constant

Question 1

Precipitation

Answer 1

the liquid (or solid) cloud particles may grow in size & fall to surface

Question 2

dry adiabtic process = 10•C /1000m

Answer 2

if the rising air cools to its dew-point temp, the RH becomes 100% condensation occurs , a cloud forms, and latent heat is released.

Question 3

moist adiabtic lapse rate= 6•c /1000m

Answer 3

heat added during condensation offsetts some of the cooling due to expansion, the air no longer cools (because latent heat is added to the rising saturated air)

Question 4

stability (stable air)

Answer 4

condition if paracel is colder than its environmental, it will be more dense, it will want to sink back down to its original level

Question 5

instability (unstable air)

Answer 5

condition is if paracel is warmer than environment it will continue to rise until reaches same temperature

Question 6

Envormental lapse rate

Answer 6

rate is the one at which the air temperature surroundings vs how it would be changing if were to climb upward into atmopshere

Question 7

lapse rate

Answer 7

rate at which the air temperature changes with altitude

Question 8

condensation level

Answer 8

the elevation above the surface whetr the cloud first forms

Question 9

conditionally instability

Answer 9

if unsaturated stable air is somehowlifyrd to a level where iy becomes saturated

Question 10

orographic uplift

Answer 10

forced lifting along topographic barrier ,horizontally moving air, cannot go through obstacle, so the air must go over it

Question 11

Collison-Coalescence process

Answer 11

large cloud droplets fall faster than small

large droplets collide with smaller droplets

Question 12

warm cloud

Answer 12

cloud that have above-freezing temperature at all levels

Question 13

ice-Crystal “Bergeron” process

Answer 13

rain formation proposes that both ice-crystal and liqiud cloud droplets myst co-exist in clouds at temperature belive freezing

Question 14

super cooled droplets

Answer 14

water droplets exists at temperature below freezing

Question 15

cold cloud

Answer 15

clouds are able to extend upwards into regions whete air temperature are below freezing

Question 16

accretion

Answer 16

process of ice crystals growing large as they collide with super cooled cloud droplets

Question 17

rain

Answer 17

falling drops of liquid water equal to and greater than 0.5 mm

Question 18

drizzle

Answer 18

smaller than 0.5 mm

Question 19

virga

Answer 19

evaporating speaks of precipitation

Question 20

snow

Answer 20

falling precipitation consisting frozen ice crystals or ice crystals clump together to form snowflakes

Question 21

graupel

Answer 21

considered form of snow heavily rimed snow particles

Question 22

sleet

Answer 22

upon fallig a snowflake melts fully or pratically , then refreezes into an ice pellet, tend to bounce

Question 23

freezing rain

Answer 23

rain falls in water liqiud but upon impact on surface as it comes contact with something it freezes due to shallow layer of cold air freezes

Question 24

hail

Answer 24

large ice precipitation

Question 25

Droppler Radar

Answer 25

microwave pulse us sent out from the radar transmitter. The pulse strikes raindrops and fraction og its energy is reflected back to do the radar unit, where it is detected and displayed