Ch. 5 PPT

Question 1

adjusting kVp and mAs is called ___

Answer 1

technique

Question 2

“density” on film = ___, while the more (actually) dense a structure is (i.e. bone vs bladder) the ___ it shows up on film

Answer 2

darkness, lighter/brighter

Question 3

___ needs adjusting if film screen combination is changed

Answer 3

mAs

Question 4

Film-screen systems are classified by ___

Answer 4

RS factor

Question 5

RS factor speed range: ___ to ___, RS means ___.

Answer 5

50, 800, relative speed

Question 6

Extremity film screen dose = ?

Answer 6

100

Question 7

Routine high speed dose = ?

Answer 7

400

Question 8

The ability of the screen to produce visible light can also be described in terms of its ___.

Answer 8

relative speed

Question 9

What type of radiographic film used in a cassette with intensifying screens is the most common image receptor today?

Answer 9

double emulsion

Question 10

Film records the image produced by ___.

Answer 10

intensifying screens

Question 11

___ is the rigid, light tight container that holds the screens and film in close contact

Answer 11

cassette

Question 12

Outside layer, called ___, is the durable protective layer protects damage to sensitive emulsion layer

Answer 12

supercoat

Question 13

Layer just inside the supercoat is called ___.

Answer 13

emulsion

Question 14

The ___ layer is radiation and light sensitive layer of the film; consists of silver halide crystals suspended in gelatin

Answer 14

emulsion

Question 15

___ is material that is sensitive to radiation and light

Answer 15

silver halide

Question 16

silver halide is made up of __-__% of __ and __- __% of ___.

Answer 16

90-99% AgBr (silver bromide), 1-10% AgI (silver iodide)

Question 17

The double emulsion layer consists of ___ and ___.

Answer 17

supercoat, emulsion

Question 18

This layer is plastic that gives the film its physical stability

Answer 18

base layer

Question 19

image which exists on film after film has been exposed and before processing

Answer 19

latent image

Question 20

image that exists on the film after exposure and Processing- typically called Radiographic Image

Answer 20

manifest image

Question 21

2 types of film:

Answer 21

direct exposure, screen film

Question 22

ready packs and dental x-ray are what type of film?

Answer 22

direct exposure

Question 23

____ has no intensifying screens

Answer 23

direct exposure

Question 24

Single emulsion is thicker than screen film. Requires more development time.
Requires more exposure time and may need manual processing. This is what type of film?

Answer 24

direct exposure

Question 25

used by physicist for QA to check alignment

Answer 25

ready packs

Question 26

Things to remember about screen film: | 1. more sensitive to ___ and less sensitive to ___

Answer 26

light, radiation

Question 27

Things to remember about screen film: | 2. emulsion layers are ___ and require ___ development

Answer 27

thinner, less

Question 28

Things to remember about screen film: | 3. Requires ___ radiation exposure

Answer 28

less

Question 29

Things to remember about screen film: | 4. single or double-emulsion?

Answer 29

either

Question 30

coated on both sides of the base with layer of supercoat and is used with two intensifying screens

Answer 30

Double emulsion

Question 31

coated with only one layer; used with single intensifying screen

Answer 31

Single emulsion

Question 32

used for mammography

Answer 32

Single emulsion

Question 33

___ layer prevents light from coming back kind of like a heart valve prevents backflow

Answer 33

Antihalation/anticurl

Question 34

light, coming from intensifying screen, is reflected back to expose the emulsion a second time

Answer 34

halation

Question 35

As the # and size of crystals increases, ___ increases

Answer 35

speed/sensitivity

Question 36

___ ability of radiographic film to provide level of image contrast

Answer 36

Contrast

Question 37

more black and white areas

Answer 37

high contrast

Question 38

more shades of gray

Answer 38

low contrast

Question 39

“___” and “___” means adjusting the contrast

Answer 39

Window, leveling

Question 40

___ refers to the color of light to which a particular film has been exposed. - 2 categories:

Answer 40

spectral sensitivity | - blue-sensitive , green-sensitive

Question 41

___ refers to color of light produced by the intensifying screen, blue and green light emitting

Answer 41

spectral emission

Question 42

____ refers to correct match of film and screens. | - Failure to match will result in ___

Answer 42

spectral matching | - sub-optimal density

Question 43

Purpose of screens:

Answer 43

reduce dose to pt

Question 44

___ is a chemical compound that emits visible light when struck by radiation

Answer 44

phosphor

Question 45

Device found in radiographic cassettes that contains phosphors that convert x ray energy into light (called luminescence), which then exposes the radiographic film

Answer 45

intensifying screen

Question 46

Disadvantage with intensifying screens is:

Answer 46

reduction of recorded detail

Question 47

intensifying screens operate by process of ___

Answer 47

luminescence

Question 48

emission of light from screen when stimulated by radiation; process of converting x-rays to visible light

Answer 48

luminescence

Question 49

___ refers to the ability of phosphors to emit visible light only while exposed to x-rays (with little or no afterglow).

Answer 49

Fluorescence

Question 50

___ is the emission of light after x-ray exposure has terminated - afterglow. - desireable or undesireable?

Answer 50

Phosphorescence | - undesireable

Question 51

___ or ___ layer (in the intensifying screen) is most important. It absorbs transmitted x-rays and converts them to visible light

Answer 51

Phosphor, active

Question 52

bottom layer made of polyester or cardboard - provides support and stability for the phosphor layer

Answer 52

Base

Question 53

___ are the most common types of phosphors

Answer 53

rare earth elements

Question 54

___ range in atomic number from 57-71 on periodic table

Answer 54

rare earth elements

Question 55

___ absorb more xrays, convert the xrays to visible light more efficiently, improve recorded detail

Answer 55

rare earth elements

Question 56

Exposure of the silver bromide crystals in the emulsion by light or x-ray photons creates the ___ image and initiates the conversion process

Answer 56

latent

Question 57

chemical processing of the exposed film completes the process and transforms the image into a permanent visible image or the ___ image

Answer 57

manifest

Question 58

chemical tanks, roller transport system and dryer are ____

Answer 58

automatic processing

Question 59

front screen goes toward the ___.

Answer 59

tube

Question 60

Double emulsion exposed to ___ as much light as single emulsion due to ___ being exposed

Answer 60

twice, both sides

Question 61

Antihalation/anticurl layer only applies to ___ (single or double-emulsion)?

Answer 61

single-emulsion