Ch 5 key

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.

Question 2

Producer

Answer 2

one that grows agricultural products or manufactures crude materials into articles of use

Question 3

Consumer

Answer 3

A consumer is a person or a group who intends to order, orders, or uses purchased goods, products, or services

Question 4

Decomposer

Answer 4

an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.

Question 5

Cellular respiration

Answer 5

cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules

Question 6

Food chain

Answer 6

A food chain is a linear network of links in a food web starting from producer organisms and ending at an apex predator species, detritivores, or decomposer species.

Question 7

Food web

Answer 7

A food web is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation of what-eats-what in an ecological community.

Question 8

Trophic level

Answer 8

each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain

Question 9

Carbon cycle

Answer 9

The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of the Earth.

Question 10

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

Answer 10

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are prokaryotic microorganisms that are capable of transforming nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into “fixed nitrogen” compounds

Question 11

Nitrogen cycle

Answer 11

The nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into multiple chemical forms

Question 12

Phosphorus cycle

Answer 12

The phosphorus cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that describes the movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

Question 13

Ecological succession

Answer 13

Ecological succession is the process that describes how the structure of a biological community

Question 14

Primary succession

Answer 14

plants and animals first colonize a barren, lifeless habitat.

Question 15

Secondary succession

Answer 15

which plants and animals recolonize a habitat after a major disturbance

Question 16

Pioneer species

Answer 16

Pioneer species are hardy species which are the first to colonize barren environments or previously biodiverse

Question 17

Climax community

Answer 17

A climax community is the final stage of succession, remaining relatively unchanged until destroyed