Ch. 5 HA Understanding other imaging modalities

Question 1

The feature of a radiographic image that affects the clinician’s ability to see details and detect lesions

Answer 1

Contrast

Question 2

Quality inherent in the film type and the processing techniques that is not changeable by the operator

Answer 2

Film/ detector contrast

Question 3

Physically similar to x-rays, but they are generated spontaneously from the decay of radioactive isotopes

Answer 3

Gamma rays

Question 4

The “hole” in the center of the CT scanner

Answer 4

Gantry

Question 5

Numeric scale for representing different tissue characteristics by their x-ray density (or “electron density”)

Answer 5

Hounsfield Unit

Question 6

Radiopaque medium used in imaging: iodine and barium are examples

Answer 6

Positive contrast agent

Question 7

Affected by the absorption characteristics of the tissue being imaged and the imaging parameters

Answer 7

Subject contrast

Question 8

Tube that is placed by a neurosurgeon to relieve intracranial pressure due to increased cerebrospinal fluid (hydrocephalus)

Answer 8

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt

Question 9

4 important characteristics of x-ray

Answer 9

1. X-rays have no mass
2. Travel at the speed of light
3. Can penetrate matter
4. Are invisible to the human eye and are electrically neutral

Question 10

Tissues that absorb a greater quality of the x-rays appear ________ on the x-ray image

Answer 10

White

Question 11

The ________ areas on an x-ray image indicate areas of lower density.

Answer 11

Black

Question 12

In a normal x-ray, bones absorb the beam _______ and are displayed as white

Answer 12

Most

Question 13

Air absorbs the beam ________ and is displayed as black

Answer 13

Least

Question 14

The difference between adjacent densities or structures is called ____________

Answer 14

Contrast

Question 15

Which radiograph is a good example of high contrast?

Answer 15

Chest x-ray

Question 16

Nuclear medicine differs from conventional radiography in that it uses________ rays, which are physically similar to x-rays but are generated spontaneously from the decay of radioactive isotopes

Answer 16

Gamma

Question 17

When radionuclide substances are administered, they are distriduted according to the patient’s physiology to certain tissues or sites called _________ via the pharmaceutical, while some is distributed diffusely to all tissues

Answer 17

Targets

Question 18

How does nuclear medicine determine the cause of clinical problem(s) differently from other imaging modalities?

Answer 18

Nuclear medicine determines the cause of clinical procedures due to physiologic malfunctions of a bone, organ and tissue. Other modalities detect pathology based on the structual appearance. Nuclear medicine evaluates tissue at the cellular level, images appear as hot or cold spots rather than anatomical

Question 19

A _______ spot has reduced uptake of radionuclide, whereas a __________spot demonstrates increased uptake or hyperfunctioning tissue.

Answer 19

Cold, Hot

Question 20

CT imaging is based on ________ imaging

Answer 20

X-ray and radiographic