Ch 5 - Ch 6 study

Question 1

1. What is an arch

Answer 1

a fingerprint pattern in which the ridge pattern originates from one side of the print and continues to the other side

Question 2

2. What is an biometrics

Answer 2

use measurements and statistical analyses of someone’s physical characteristics to aid in their identification

Question 3

3. What is an core

Answer 3

a center of a loop

Question 4

4. What is an delta

Answer 4

a triangular ridge pattern created when ridge patterns diverge

Question 5

5. What is an fingerprint

Answer 5

an impression left on any surface that consists of patterns made by the ridges on a finger

Question 6

6. What is an integrated automated fingerprint identification system

Answer 6

FBI developed national database of more than 76 million criminal fingerprints and histories

Question 7

7. What is an latent fingerprint

Answer 7

a concealed fingerprint that is made visible through the use of powder

Question 8

8. What is an loop

Answer 8

a fingerprint pattern in which ridges patterns flow inward and returns in the direction of the origin

Question 9

9. What is a minutiae

Answer 9

the combination of details in the shapes and positions of ridges in fingerprints that makes each unique. Also called ridge characteristics

Question 10

10. What is a patent fingerprint

Answer 10

a visible fingerprint produced when fingers coated with blood, ink, or some other substance touch a surface and transfer their print to the surface

Question 11

11. What is a plastic fingerprint

Answer 11

a 3D fingerprint made in soft material such as clay, soap, or putty

Question 12

12. What is a ridge count

Answer 12

the number of ridges between the center of a delta and the core of a loop

Question 13

13. What is a ridge pattern

Answer 13

recognizable pattern of the ridges found in the end pads of the fingers. They fall into three categories

Question 14

14. What is a ten print card

Answer 14

a form used to record and preserve a person’s fingerprints

Question 15

15. What is a whorl

Answer 15

a fingerprint pattern that resembles a bull’s eye

Question 16

16. Who discovered fingerprinting as evidence

Answer 16

mark twain

Question 17

17. When was fingerprint first used

Answer 17

dating back to the Babylon era where they found clay tablets with them. Then the Chinese used fingerprints to sign official documents.

Question 18

18. What was earliest record of study of patterns

Answer 18

1684, Dr Nemiah grew described the patterns of human hands

Question 19

19. Who was first scientist to discover that arrangement of skin ridges are never duplicated in two persons

Answer 19

Johann christoph

Question 20

20. What is the bertillonage system

Answer 20

used to identify repeat offenders and to identify criminals using a list

Question 21

21. What did francis galton and edmund richard do

Answer 21

developed classification system for fingerprints and created ten print card

Question 22

22. Where do fingerprints start forming from

Answer 22

the womb

Question 23

23. What week of pregnancy do you form fingerprints

Answer 23

10th week of gestation

Question 24

24. What are three types of fingerprints that can be left at a crime scene

Answer 24

Patent, plastic, and latent

Question 25

25. What is patent fingerprinting

Answer 25

visible prints left on smooth surface when blood, paint, or grease.

Question 26

26. What is plastic fingerprinting

Answer 26

actual indentations left in some soft material such as clap, putty or wax

Question 27

27. What is latent fingerprinting

Answer 27

not visible to the eye, are caused by hand oils and can be made visible with forensic technology

Question 28

28. What is ridge count and purpose of it

Answer 28

which is the number of ridges between the core and center of the delta, may help distinguish one fingerprint from another.

Question 29

29. How many ridges are in a plain whorl and what does that make

Answer 29

one or more that make a complete spiral

Question 30

30. How many ridges are in a central pocket loop whorl and what does that make

Answer 30

one or more ridges that make a complete circle

Question 31

31. How many ridges are in a double loop whorl and what does that make

Answer 31

has two separate loop formations and two deltas

Question 32

32. How many ridges are in a accidental whorl and what does that make

Answer 32

has two or more deltas and a combination of other patterns

Question 33

33. What are the many minutiae patterns

Answer 33

ridge ending, fork, island ridge, dot, bridge, spur, eye, double bifurcation, delta, trifurcation

Question 34

34. How can fingerprints be altered

Answer 34

by pouring acid on hands to change appearance