Ch 5: Biochem Carbs

Question 1

What makes up carbohydrates? What is the ratio?

Answer 1

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. 1:2:1

Question 2

Carbs can be split up into what main groups?

Answer 2

monosaccharides - simple sugars (smallest unit to make up carbs)
disaccharides- 2 monosaccharides
oligosaccharides - short chains of monosaccharides (less than 20)
polysaccharides (glycan) - more than 20 monosaccharides

Question 3

What are the 3 main monosaccharides?

Answer 3

glucose (main source of energy/6 C), galactose, and fructose

Question 4

What are the main disaccharides?

Answer 4

maltose (glucose + glucose), lactose (galactose + glucose), sucrose (glucose + fructose)

Question 5

What are the main oligosaccharides?

Answer 5

maltotriose (glucose + glucose + glucose),

Question 6

What are the different types of polysaccharides?

Answer 6

homopolysaccharide - contains only one type of monosaccharide
heteropolysaccharide - contains two or more types of monosaccharides

Question 7

What is an example of a homopolysaccharide?

Answer 7

starch (storage form in plants) - found in bread, cereal,