Ch 5 and 6 VOCAB Flashcards
Diffusion
The movement of molecules from areas of greater concentration to areas of lesser concentration.
Osmosis
The diffusion of water across the cell membrane.
Active Transport
Process that allows molecules to move across the cell membrane from lower to higher concentrations.
Photosynthesis
A process where plants use the energy of sunlight to produce carbohydrates.
Color
How we perceive the energy of light.
Electromagnetic spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum consists of all the different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.
Pigment
A molecule that absorbs some colors of light and reflects others.
Chlorophyll
The main pigment used in photosynthesis that absorbs blue and red light and reflects green light.
Cellular respriation
The process in which the chemical bonds of energy-rich molecules are converted into a form of energy that cells can use.
ATP
A molecule that stores and transfers energy within cells.
Cell Theory
A theory that explains the relationship between cells and living things
Cell Membrane
A separating barrier that controls movement of materials into and out of the cell.
Organelle
A structure inside of a cell that helps it perform its functions.
Cytoplasm
A fluid mixture that contains the organelles and the compounds the cell needs.
Prokaryotic Cell
A cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane-covered organelles.
Eukaryota Cell
A cell that has a nucleus and membrane-covered
organelles.
Mitochondria
An organelle that produces much of the energy a cell needs to carry out its functions.
Vacuole
An organelle that stores food, water, and other materials needed by the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum
An organelle that transports proteins inside of the cell.
Ribosome
An organelle that makes proteins.
Golgi Body
An organelle that receives proteins, packages them, and distributes them.
Lysosome
An organelle that contains enzymes that break
things down to be reused by the cell.
Cytoskeleton
A series of protein fibers inside of a cell that give structure and shape to the cell.
Chloroplast
An organelle that converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of molecules.
Cell wall
The outer layer of a plant cell that is made from
cellulose and makes plant cells rigid.
