Ch. 5: Alcohols

Question 1

hydroxyl group

Answer 1

-OH

Question 2

phenol

Answer 2

benzene ring with hydroxyl group

Question 3

how does the number of hydroxyl substituents effect boiling point

Answer 3

more hydroxyl –> increased H bonding –> high BP and MP

Question 4

acidity of hydroxyl hydrogen

Answer 4

weak acid

Question 5

acidity of phenols compared to nonromantic alcohols

Answer 5

phenol is more acidic than nonromantic alcohols d/t increased resonance stabilization of the negative charge on oxygen

Question 6

what will convert primary alcohols to aldehydes

Answer 6

PCC

mild enough to oxidate once and not further hydrate the aldehyde

Question 7

mesylate

Answer 7

compound containing the functional group -SO3CH3

Question 8

tosylates

Answer 8

compound containing the functional group -SO3C6H4CH3

Question 9

how can mesyl and tosyl groups be used in reaction with alcohols

Answer 9

• make hydroxyl groups better leaving groups for nucleophilic substitution
• protect hydroxyl groups

Question 10

how can alcohols be used as protecting groups

Answer 10

convert aldehydes/ketones into acetals/ketals that will not be reduced

Question 11

how does a phenol become a quinone

Answer 11

phenol is oxidized and hydroxyl groups become carbonyls

Question 12

another name for phylloquinone + role

Answer 12

Vitamin K1

- photosynthesis and carboxylation of some clotting factors in the blood

Question 13

another name for menaquinones

Answer 13

Vitamin K2

Question 14

how does a quinone become a hydroxy quinone

Answer 14

quinone is further oxidized and hydroxyl groups are added

Question 15

another name for ubiquinone + role

Answer 15

coenzyme Q
- electron carrier in the ETC in complexes I, II, and III d/t its oxidation-reduction capacity and it’s long, nonpolar alkyl chain