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Reef eco > Ch 5 > Flashcards

Ch 5 Flashcards

0
Q

What main feature does archaea share with eukaryotic nucleus and cytoplasm?

A

Histones

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1
Q

How many domains are prokaryotes classified as?

A

2 bacteria and archaea

Both lack nucleus

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2
Q

What type of linkages does archaea have? Do eurkaryotes and bacteria have these?

A

Ether, no

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3
Q

What is important about the ether linkage?

A

MOre heat resistant and tolerant of other extreme conditions

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4
Q

What are common about bacteria?

A

Most favor moderate conditions and many form symbiotic relationships.

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5
Q

What are two important bacteria? How many phyla?

A

Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria

~50

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6
Q

What is the only prokaryote to conduct photosynthesis?

A

Cyanobacteria are the only ones that generate oxygen as a product
Gave rise to plastids of eukaryotic algae and plants

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7
Q

All Protista are?

A

Eukaryotes

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8
Q

What are two common characteristics of Protists?

A

Abundant in Moist habitats

Are microscopic in size

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9
Q

Are Protists monophetic?

A

No, they are in every super group, some supergroups are only Protists

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10
Q

What are the three major ecological groups of Protists?

A

Algae, Protozoa, fungus like

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11
Q

Are protist abundant in seawater?

A

Yes, over reefs ~1 billion/L

Thrive in low nutrients

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12
Q

When are bacteria also abundant?

A

Mass spawning

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13
Q

Anthropogenic does what to the bacteria level?

A

Increases, also increases viruses and triggers blooms of Cyanobacteria

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14
Q

What bacteria is a diazotroph?

A

Cyanobacteria

It means nitrogen fixing

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15
Q

What represent 90% of the planktonic Cyanobacteria?

A

Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus

Very important primary producers

16
Q

How are microbes important in coral algae interactions?

A

Algae contain microbes, as algae grows closer to coral microbes are spread to the coral either by water currents or by direct algae contact.

17
Q

What fungus attacks sea fans?

A

Aspergillus sydowii in Caribbean

18
Q

What do protozoans have a symbiosis with?

A

Zooxanthellae

19
Q

What accumulates in Reef sediment?

A

Foraminifera’s calcareous test

20
Q

What is included in microphytobenthos algae?

A

Benthic algae, diatoms and Cyanobacteria

20-30% of total pp

21
Q

What do dinoflagellates produce?

A

Ciguatera toxin

22
Q

What do ciguatera dinoflagellates stick to? Where are they found?

A

Coral
Algae
Sea grass

All tropical and sub tropical

23
Q

What tropic level does ciguatera poisoning affect?

A

High tropic levels via bioaccumulation

24
Q

Productivity of microphytobenthos and phytoplankton are linked to what?

A

Nutrients and varies seasonally

25
Q

What is least limited by nitrate levels?

A

Cyanobacteria

26
Q

How do prokaryotes increase trophic efficiency?

A

Through the microbial loop. Dissolved organic material from phytoplankton is taken in by bacterioplankton which are taken by flagellated micro plankton and then by ciliates protozoan then by zooplankton and finally by phytoplankton.

27
Q

What part of coral contribute to organic carbon and nutrients on And around reefs?

A

Coral mucus

28
Q

What do zooplankton included?

A

Holoplankton and larvae

29
Q

What does reef zooplankton include?

A

Demersal holoplankton
Pelagic plankton
Larvae released on reefs

30
Q

What is the relationship between larvae duration and range?

A

Larval duration increases with increasing species range

31
Q

What does connectivity refer to in ecology?

A

The amount of gene flow between populations

32
Q

What is equilibrium community?

A

Population controlled by density dependent processes

Niche specialization

33
Q

What is non equilibrium community?

A

Local reef community on a reef is random sample of larval pool

34
Q

Is there species redundancy on reefs?

A

Yes for every guild

35
Q

Is there a high or low habitat specialization?

A

Low
Several species share one habitat
Inconsistent with niche specialization

36
Q

How do reef communities fluctuate?

A

High turnover rate of species
High spatial variability of recruitment
Local recruitment does not depend on local reproduction called supply side ecology
It depends on lottery competition - space filled at random

37
Q

Is a reef in equilibrium?

A

No. Local spe IRS composition is constantly changing

Reef eco (10 decks)

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