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CNA > Ch 5-8 test > Flashcards

Ch 5-8 test Flashcards

1
Q

define the difference btw. health and wellness

A

health: state of physical, mental, and social well-being

wellness: successfully balancing physical, social, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual needs

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2
Q

give an example of social wellness

A

having daily social interactions with people you enjoy

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3
Q

give an example of physical wellness

A

following a healthy work out routine/plan

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4
Q

give an example of emotional wellness

A

seeing a therapist

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5
Q

give an example of intellectual wellness

A

being open minded to learning new things every day

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6
Q

define holistic care

A

providing care that meets all of the resident’s wellness needs

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7
Q

define physiological needs and give an example

A

relate to the process and activities that keep living things alive; ie) oxygen, food, water

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8
Q

define psychological needs and give an example

A

needs relating to social contact, emotions, thought, and spirituality; ie) the need to maintain a social life

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9
Q

define cultural diversity

A

the variety of people with different backgrounds and experiences living together in the world

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10
Q

list 3 ways to respect a PT’s religious beliefs when their beliefs are different than yours

A
  1. don’t persuade
  2. don’t argue
  3. be tactical
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11
Q

define puberty

A

the period during which a person develops secondary sex characteristics

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12
Q

define ageism

A

stereotyping of, prejudice toward, and/or discrimination against the elderly

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13
Q

define developmental disabilities

A

a chronic condition that restricts physical and/or mental abilities

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14
Q

define infection prevention

A

set of methods used to prevent and control the spread of disease

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15
Q

define systemic infection

A

an infection that is in the blood stream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms

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16
Q

list 3 signs of a localized infection

A
  1. red area only around infection
  2. swelling only around infection
  3. pain only around infection
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17
Q

define clean

A

a condition in which an object is not contaminated with pathogens

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18
Q

define disinfection and sterilization; explain the difference between the 2

A

disinfection: process that destroys most, NOT all, pathogens and other types of microorganisms

sterilization: cleaning measure that destroys ALL microorganisms, including those that form spores

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19
Q

define causative agent

A

an organism or chemical that is responsible for the development of a disease

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20
Q

define portal of exit; how can you prevent infection via the portal of exit?

A

any opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave;

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21
Q

what parts of the body can you find mucus membranes?

A

nose or mouth, breaks in skin, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, genitals, placenta

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22
Q

define susceptible host

A

uninfected person who could become ill

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23
Q

why are people at greater risk of infection as they get older?

A

changes occur that increase susceptibility to infection, such as frequent hospital trips, brittler bones, skin is less elastic, etc.

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24
Q

what are standard precautions?

A

a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, and mucus membranes are treated as if they are infected

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25
Q

what type of PT’s should you use standard precautions with?

A

every PT

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26
Q

define hand washing

A

sanitizing hands through washing with soap and water or using alcohol based hand sanitizer (ABHS)

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27
Q

what is the proper order to don PPE?

A

wash hands, gown, mask, goggles, gloves

28
Q

how should you handle dirty linen?

A

hold and carry away from body, do not shake

29
Q

how far can droplets travel?

A

> 6 ft.

30
Q

what should you do if you spill a substance on your body?

A

immediately wash skin

31
Q

define transmission-based precautions

A

methods of preventing the transmission of infections

32
Q

why do we put PTs on isolation precautions?

A

to prevent infecting others

33
Q

what is the responsibility of OSHA?

A

ensuring workers are safe; make and enforce rules to protect workers from hazards

34
Q

how are bloodborn pathogens transferred from one person to another?

A

injection, mucus membrane contact, a cut form an infected object, having nonintact skin

35
Q

define hepatitis B

A

bloodborn form of Hepatitis spread through sexual contact, sharing needles, birth, etc.

36
Q

what is the best way to control MRSA?

A

practicing proper hygiene

37
Q

what type of test is the most accurate COVID-19 test?

A

PCR tests

38
Q

what is a long COVID?

A

having COVID symptoms & positive tests after 3 months

39
Q

what is the most common accident in healthcare facilities?

A

falls

40
Q

list 3 ways to prevent falls

A

wipe up s

41
Q

how can you prevent burns?

A
42
Q

how should a resident be positioned for eating?

A
43
Q

what are Safety Data Sheets (SDS)?

A

sheets providing info on the safe use and hazards of chemicals, as well as emergency steps to take in the event of chemical spills

44
Q

what type of items would you put in a biohazard containers?

A
45
Q

define body mechanics; how do you use proper body mechanics?

A
46
Q

when can you use restraints?

A

with dr.s orders

47
Q

what is a restraint alternative? list examples of them

A

measures used in place of a restraint or that reduce the need for a restraint IE) call lights are w/in reach and answered immediately

48
Q

how often should you remove restraints to provide care?

A

at least every fifteen minutes

49
Q

give examples of proper oxygen safety

A

keep away from ignition sources, never adjust (NAs specifically)

50
Q

define RACE

A

Rescue
Alarm
Contain
Extinguish

51
Q

define PASS

A

Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep

52
Q

when do people need emergency medical help?

A

breathing problems, head injuries, chest pain, excessive bleeding, mental health crises

53
Q

what are the first 2 steps when approaching an emergency?

A

check/assess for safety and don ppe

54
Q

define respiratory arrest

A

stopping of breathing

55
Q

define cardiac arrest

A

sudden stopping of the heartbeat

56
Q

how soon can brain damage happen to a person who is not breathing?

A

w/in 4 minutes

57
Q

what should you do if a person in a facility needs CPR, but you don’t know how to do it?

A

find someone who can

58
Q

when should you perform abdominal thrust on a PT?

A

conscious, choking adults and children over 1

59
Q

list the signs of shock

A

clammy skin, pale skin, bluish gray lips/nails, rapid pulse, rapid breathing

60
Q

how can you help an individual who is bleeding?

A

stop/slow bleeding, call for help

61
Q

what should you do if a resident tells you they feel like they’re going to faint?

A

gently and safely lower them

62
Q

how can you stop a nose bleed?

A

pinch nose shut for 5-10 minutes

63
Q

what should you do if you suspect a resident is having a heart attack?

A

get the nurse, call emergency services

64
Q

define hypoglycemia

A

high blood sugar

65
Q

define TIA

A

transient ischemic attack - mini stroke

66
Q

define BEFAST

A

Balance
Eyes
Face
Arm
Speech Time

CNA (2 decks)

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