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AP GOV > Ch. 5-6 Court Cases > Flashcards

Ch. 5-6 Court Cases Flashcards

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0
Q

Palko v. Connecticut

A

States must observe all “fundamental” liberties

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1
Q

Gitlow v. New York

A

1st Amend. applies to states

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2
Q

McDonald v. Chicago

A

2nd Amend. allows people to keep and bear arms applies to state gov. as well as the federal one.

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3
Q

Schenck v. United States

A

Speech may be punished if it creates a clear and present danger test of illegal acts

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4
Q

Chaplinksy v. New Hampshire

A

“Fighting words” are not protected by 1st Amend.

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5
Q

New York v. Sullivan

A

To libel a public figure, there must be actual malice

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6
Q

Tinker v. Dos Moines

A

Public school students may wear armbands to class protesting against Ame. war in Vietnam as long as it doesn’t disrupt class.

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7
Q

Miller v. California

A

Obscenity defined as appealing to prurient interests of an average person with materials that lack literary, artistic, political or scientific value

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8
Q

Texas v. Johnson

A

There may not be a law to ban flag burning

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9
Q

Reno v. ACLU

A

A law that band sending “indecent” material to minors over the internet is unconstitutional because “indecent” is too vague and broad.

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10
Q

FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life

A

Prohibits campaign finance reform law from banning political advocacy

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11
Q

Citizens United v. FEC

A

Part of the McCain- Feingold campaign finance reform law that prevents corporations and labor unions from spending money on advertisements independent of political candidates or parties, in political campaigns is unconstitutional.

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12
Q

Pierce v. Society of Sisters

A

States may not require that students attend only public schools

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13
Q

Everson v. Board of Edu.

A

The wall-of-separation principle is announced

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14
Q

Zorauch v. Clauson

A

States may not allow students to be released from public schools to attend religious instruction

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15
Q

Engel v. Vitale

A

There may not be a prayer, even a nondenominational one, in public schools

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16
Q

Lemon v. Kurtzman

A

3 tests are described for deciding whether the gov. is improperly involved with religion

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17
Q

Lee v. Weisman

A

Public schools may not have clergy lead prayers at graduation ceremonies

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18
Q

Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe

A

Students may not lead prayers before the start of a football game at a public school

19
Q

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris

A

Voucher plans to pay school bills is upheld

20
Q

Mapp v. Ohio

A

Evidence illegally gathers by the police may not be used in a criminal trial

21
Q

Gideon v. Wainwright

A

Persons charged with a crime have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one

22
Q

Miranda v. Arizona

A

Court describes warning that police must give to arrested persons

23
Q

United States v. Leon

A

Illegally obtained evidence nah not be used in a trial if it was gathered in good faith without violating the principles of the Mapp decision

24
Q

Dickerson v. United States

A

The Mapp decision is based on the Constitution and cannot be altered by Congress passing a law

25
Q

Rasul v. Bush and Hamdi v. Rumsfeld

A

Terrorist detainees must have access to a neutral court to decide if they are legally held

26
Q

Dred Scott case, Scott v. Sanford

A

Congress had no authority to ban slavery in a territory. A slave was considered a piece of property.

27
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

A

Upheld separate by equal facilities for white and black people on railroad cars

28
Q

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

A

Said separate public schools are inherently unequal, thus starting racial desegregation

29
Q

Green v. County School Board of New Kent County

A

Banned a freedom of choice plan for integrating schools, suggesting blacks and whites must actually attend racially mixed schools

30
Q

Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Edu.

A

Approved busing and redrawing district lines as ways of integrating public schools

31
Q

Reed v. Reed

A

Gender discrimination violates the equal protection clause of the Const.

32
Q

Craig v. Brown

A

Gender discrimination can be justified only if it serves “important governmental objectives” and is “substantially related to those objectives”

33
Q

Rostker v. Goldberg

A

Congress can draft men without drafting women

34
Q

United States v. Virginia

A

State may not finance an all-male military school

35
Q

Griswold v. Connecticut

A

Found a “right to privacy” in the Const. that would ban any state law against selling contraceptives

36
Q

Roe v. Wade

A

States laws against abortion were unconstitutional

37
Q

Webster v. Reproductive Health Services

A

Allowed states to ban abortions from public hospitals and permitted doctors to test to see if fetuses were viable

38
Q

Planned Parenthood v. Casey

A

Reaffirmed Roe v. Wade but upheld certain limits on its use

39
Q

Gonzales v. Carhart

A

Federal law may ban certain forms of partial birth abortion

40
Q

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

A

A quota like ban on Bakke’s admission was unconstitutional but that “diversity” was a legitimate goal that could be pursued by taking race into account

41
Q

United Steelworkers v. Weber

A

Upheld the use of race in an employment agreement between the steelworkers union and steel plant

42
Q

Richmond v. Croson

A

Affirmative action plans just be judged by the struck scrutiny standard that requires any race-conscious plan to be narrowly tailored to serve a compelling interest

43
Q

Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger

A

Numerical benefits cannot be used to admit minorities into college, but rage can be a “plus factor” in making those decisions

44
Q

Parents v. Seattle School District

A

Race cannot be used to decide which students may attend especially popular high schools because this was not “narrowly tailored” to achieve a “compelling” goal

45
Q

Lawrence v. Texas

A

State law may not ban sexual relations between same sex partners

46
Q

Boy Scouts of America v. Fake

A

A private organization may ban gays from it’s membership

AP GOV (4 decks)

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