Ch. 5-6 Court Cases

Question 0

Palko v. Connecticut

Answer 0

States must observe all “fundamental” liberties

Question 1

Gitlow v. New York

Answer 1

1st Amend. applies to states

Question 2

McDonald v. Chicago

Answer 2

2nd Amend. allows people to keep and bear arms applies to state gov. as well as the federal one.

Question 3

Schenck v. United States

Answer 3

Speech may be punished if it creates a clear and present danger test of illegal acts

Question 4

Chaplinksy v. New Hampshire

Answer 4

“Fighting words” are not protected by 1st Amend.

Question 5

New York v. Sullivan

Answer 5

To libel a public figure, there must be actual malice

Question 6

Tinker v. Dos Moines

Answer 6

Public school students may wear armbands to class protesting against Ame. war in Vietnam as long as it doesn’t disrupt class.

Question 7

Miller v. California

Answer 7

Obscenity defined as appealing to prurient interests of an average person with materials that lack literary, artistic, political or scientific value

Question 8

Texas v. Johnson

Answer 8

There may not be a law to ban flag burning

Question 9

Reno v. ACLU

Answer 9

A law that band sending “indecent” material to minors over the internet is unconstitutional because “indecent” is too vague and broad.

Question 10

FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life

Answer 10

Prohibits campaign finance reform law from banning political advocacy

Question 11

Citizens United v. FEC

Answer 11

Part of the McCain- Feingold campaign finance reform law that prevents corporations and labor unions from spending money on advertisements independent of political candidates or parties, in political campaigns is unconstitutional.

Question 12

Pierce v. Society of Sisters

Answer 12

States may not require that students attend only public schools

Question 13

Everson v. Board of Edu.

Answer 13

The wall-of-separation principle is announced

Question 14

Zorauch v. Clauson

Answer 14

States may not allow students to be released from public schools to attend religious instruction

Question 15

Engel v. Vitale

Answer 15

There may not be a prayer, even a nondenominational one, in public schools

Question 16

Lemon v. Kurtzman

Answer 16

3 tests are described for deciding whether the gov. is improperly involved with religion

Question 17

Lee v. Weisman

Answer 17

Public schools may not have clergy lead prayers at graduation ceremonies

Question 18

Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe

Answer 18

Students may not lead prayers before the start of a football game at a public school

Question 19

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris

Answer 19

Voucher plans to pay school bills is upheld

Question 20

Mapp v. Ohio

Answer 20

Evidence illegally gathers by the police may not be used in a criminal trial

Question 21

Gideon v. Wainwright

Answer 21

Persons charged with a crime have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one

Question 22

Miranda v. Arizona

Answer 22

Court describes warning that police must give to arrested persons

Question 23

United States v. Leon

Answer 23

Illegally obtained evidence nah not be used in a trial if it was gathered in good faith without violating the principles of the Mapp decision

Question 24

Dickerson v. United States

Answer 24

The Mapp decision is based on the Constitution and cannot be altered by Congress passing a law

Question 25

Rasul v. Bush and Hamdi v. Rumsfeld

Answer 25

Terrorist detainees must have access to a neutral court to decide if they are legally held

Question 26

Dred Scott case, Scott v. Sanford

Answer 26

Congress had no authority to ban slavery in a territory. A slave was considered a piece of property.

Question 27

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Answer 27

Upheld separate by equal facilities for white and black people on railroad cars

Question 28

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Answer 28

Said separate public schools are inherently unequal, thus starting racial desegregation

Question 29

Green v. County School Board of New Kent County

Answer 29

Banned a freedom of choice plan for integrating schools, suggesting blacks and whites must actually attend racially mixed schools

Question 30

Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Edu.

Answer 30

Approved busing and redrawing district lines as ways of integrating public schools

Question 31

Reed v. Reed

Answer 31

Gender discrimination violates the equal protection clause of the Const.

Question 32

Craig v. Brown

Answer 32

Gender discrimination can be justified only if it serves "important governmental objectives" and is "substantially related to those objectives"

Question 33

Rostker v. Goldberg

Answer 33

Congress can draft men without drafting women

Question 34

United States v. Virginia

Answer 34

State may not finance an all-male military school

Question 35

Griswold v. Connecticut

Answer 35

Found a "right to privacy" in the Const. that would ban any state law against selling contraceptives

Question 36

Roe v. Wade

Answer 36

States laws against abortion were unconstitutional

Question 37

Webster v. Reproductive Health Services

Answer 37

Allowed states to ban abortions from public hospitals and permitted doctors to test to see if fetuses were viable

Question 38

Planned Parenthood v. Casey

Answer 38

Reaffirmed Roe v. Wade but upheld certain limits on its use

Question 39

Gonzales v. Carhart

Answer 39

Federal law may ban certain forms of partial birth abortion

Question 40

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

Answer 40

A quota like ban on Bakke's admission was unconstitutional but that "diversity" was a legitimate goal that could be pursued by taking race into account

Question 41

United Steelworkers v. Weber

Answer 41

Upheld the use of race in an employment agreement between the steelworkers union and steel plant

Question 42

Richmond v. Croson

Answer 42

Affirmative action plans just be judged by the struck scrutiny standard that requires any race-conscious plan to be narrowly tailored to serve a compelling interest

Question 43

Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger

Answer 43

Numerical benefits cannot be used to admit minorities into college, but rage can be a "plus factor" in making those decisions

Question 44

Parents v. Seattle School District

Answer 44

Race cannot be used to decide which students may attend especially popular high schools because this was not "narrowly tailored" to achieve a "compelling" goal

Question 45

Lawrence v. Texas

Answer 45

State law may not ban sexual relations between same sex partners

Question 46

Boy Scouts of America v. Fake

Answer 46

A private organization may ban gays from it's membership