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Organic Chemistry > Ch. 5 > Flashcards

Ch. 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Stereoisomers

A

Differ in the ways the atoms are oriented in space

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2
Q

Enantiomers

A

Type of stereoisomer; Mirror Images

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3
Q

Diastereoisomers

A

Type of stereoisomers; Not mirror images

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4
Q

Achiral

A

Superimposible on mirror image

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5
Q

Chiral

A

Not superimposible on a mirror image

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6
Q

Tetrahedral Stereogenic center

A

A carbon atom with four different groups

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7
Q

Typically atoms with stereogenic centers are _______ and aroms with no stereogenic centers are _______

A

Chiral; Achiral

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8
Q

Stereogenic centers are those where the interchange of two groups gives a _______

A

Stereoisomer

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9
Q

What are the two different ways to draw an enantiomer?

A
  1. Draw a mirror image
  2. Switch two substituents on every stereogenic center
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10
Q

When labeling stereogenic centers, ____ is clockwise and _____ is counterclockwise

A

R; S

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11
Q

What formula determines how many diastereomers are possible?

A

2^n

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12
Q

How to draw all diasteromers

A
  1. Draw one stereoisomer, then it’s mirror image
  2. Switch the positions of one stereogenic carbon and draw its mirror image
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13
Q

A meso compound

A

An achiral compound that contains tetrahedral stereogenic centers (has a plane of symmetry)

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14
Q

Identical compounds have the _____ R S designations at every center. Enantiomers have ______ R S designations. Diastereomers have _______ R S designations.

A

same
exactly opposite
the same for at least one and the opposite for at least one other

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15
Q

Plane polarized light

A

light that has an electric vector that oscillates in a single plane

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16
Q

If you know the property on one molecule, its enantiomer has _______ properties

A

identical

17
Q

In plane-polarized light, ______ rotates light and ______ does not rotate light

A

Chiral;Achiral

18
Q

Two enantiomers rotate plane-polarized light in ___________ directions.

A

Equal but opposite

19
Q

Specific rotation formula

A

observed rotation/(length of sample tube)(concentration)

20
Q

Given information about a molecule, what do you know about it’s diastereomer

A

Nothing

21
Q

How do you separate enantiomers

A

React them with acid to form diastereomers and filter in sand glass. One will move slower than the other and get stuck

Organic Chemistry (15 decks)

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