Ch 47 Drugs For Htn

Question 0

Parameters for hypertension in patients without diabetes or chronic kidney disease

Answer 0

<90

Question 1

Parameters for normal bp

Answer 1

> 120/80

Question 2

Parameters for hypertension in patients with diabetes or chronic kidney disease

Answer 2

<80

Question 3

Seven possible lifestyle modifications to reduce blood pressure

Answer 3

Weight-loss, sodium restriction, the dash eating plan, alcohol restriction, aerobic exercise, smoking cessation, maintenance of K and Ca intake

Question 4

What are the first-line drugs used for hypertension

Answer 4

Thiazide diuretics

Question 5

What is the principal adverse effect of thiazides

Answer 5

Hypokalemia

Question 6

Other side effects of using thiazides

Answer 6

Dehydration, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia

Question 7

How do loop diuretics lower blood pressure

Answer 7

By reducing blood volume and promoting vasodilation

Question 8

How do thiazide diuretics reduce blood pressure

Answer 8

Reduction of blood volume and reduction of arterial resistance

Question 9

Adverse effects of loop diuretics

Answer 9

Hypokalemia, dehydration, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia. Can also cause hearing loss.

Question 10

Most significant adverse effect of the potassium sparing agents

Answer 10

Hyperkalemia

Question 11

What categories of drugs should potassium sparing diuretics not be used routinely with

Answer 11

Ace inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, or aldosterone antagonist

Question 12

What are the five subcategories of sympatholytic drugs

Answer 12

Beta blockers, Alpha1 blockers, Alpha/beta blockers, centrally acting Alpha2 agonists, and adrenergic neuron blockers

Question 13

Examples of beta-adrenergic blockers

Answer 13

Propanolol, metoprolol (“lol”s)

Question 14

Examples of thiazide and related diuretics

Answer 14

“thiazides” (HCTZ, etc) chlorthalidone

Question 15

examples of high ceiling (loop) diuretics

Answer 15

Furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide

Question 16

Examples of potassium sparing diuretics

Answer 16

Amiloride, spironolactone, triamterene

Question 17

Adverse effects of beta blockers

Answer 17

Bradycardia, decreased AV conduction, and reduced contractility

Question 18

Beta blockers should not be used by patients with ____

And must be used with care in patients with ____

Answer 18

Sick sinus syndrome or second- or third-degree AV block

used with care in patients with heart failure

Question 19

Beta blockers Should be avoided by patients with ___

If they must be given a beta blocker ____ should be employed

Answer 19

Should be avoided by patients with asthma; if must be used, a beta-1 selective agent should be employed