Ch 46 Visual Disorders

Question 1

Myopia

Answer 1

Nearsightedness
-eyeball larger than normal

Question 2

Hyperopia

Answer 2

Farsightedness
-eyeball smaller than normal

Question 3

Astigmatism

Answer 3

Misshaped cornea prevents light rays entering the eye from focusing to a single point on the retina
Oval instead of round
-near and distant are blurry
Clinical manifestations-squinting,headaches,blurry vision

Question 4

Presbyopia

Answer 4

Normal part of aging
Loss of lens elasticity
Around age 45
-inability to focus on objects held close to the face
-reading glasses

Question 5

Often times babies and children are slightly

Answer 5

Hyperopic-near by is blurry

Question 6

Orthokeratology

Answer 6

Nonsurgical option to reshape the cornea patient wears a special contact lens that slowly reshapes the cornea and corrects myopia overtime

Question 7

Conjunctivitis (pink-eye)

Answer 7

Inflammation of the conjunctivae of the eye
-viral more common than bacteria
Clinical manifestations
-tearing
-lid crusting
-itchy
-puffy eyes
-pink red sclera

Question 8

Allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 8

Allergy causing substance such as pollen or dander (red,pink sclera, itching burning,tearing,puffy eyelids

Question 9

Bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 9

Microbe or bacteria gritty sensation in the eye (feels like sand) eye discharge in the morning purulent

Question 10

Viral conjunctivitis

Answer 10

Inflammation due to virus often seen in colds, upper respiratory tract watery discharge

Question 11

Chlamydia conjunctivitis

Answer 11

Sti can be passed during birth to mother to child -can cause blindness

Question 12

Contact lens conjunctivitis

Answer 12

Hypersensitivity to chemical use to make contact lens

Question 13

Mechanical conjunctivitis

Answer 13

Eyelash,foreign body

Question 14

Con

Question 15

Cataracts

Answer 15

Clouding of the eye lens
Risk factors-exposure to uv light,age,family,history,African American,diabetes,long term lead exposure,obesity

Question 16

Signs and symptoms of cataracts

Answer 16

Clouded,blurred vision night vision difficulty,sensitivity to light,yellowing of colors, double vision in single eye,halo vision

Surgery done on one eye and scheduled for the other eye several weeks later
-surgery increases risk for retinal detachment

Question 17

Cataract surgery

Answer 17

Phacoemulsification
Extracapsular extraction
Intracapsular extraction

Question 18

Post op care of cataract

Answer 18

-protective eye glasses,eye drops,ability to drive follow up appointments

Question 19

Glaucoma

Answer 19

High IOp greater than 21-inadequate draining of aqueous humor
Risk factors-African Americans,family history, diabetes,hypothyroidism,myopia,prolonged corticosteroids use

Question 20

Normal tension glaucoma

Answer 20

Japanese,optic nerve IOP between 12-22

Question 21

Primary open angle

Answer 21

Most common no symptoms