Ch 46 (test 1)

Question 1

what are the 5 types of sensory receptors

Answer 1

1-mechanoreceptors
2-thermoreceptors
3-nociceptors
4-electromagnetic receptors
5-chemoreceptors

Question 2

mechanoreceptors are stimulated by what

Answer 2

compression or stretching

Question 3

thermoreceptors are stimulated by what

Answer 3

temp and change in temp

Question 4

nociceptors are stimulated by what

Answer 4

pain (chemical)

Question 5

electromagnetic receptors are stimulated by what

Answer 5

eye, light

Question 6

chemoreceptors are stimulated by what

Answer 6

taste, smell, oxygen, osmolarity

Question 7

change in membrane potential of the receptor

Answer 7

receptor potential

Question 8

depolarization is caused in sensory receptors by what

Answer 8

change in membrane potential caused by changes in membrane permeability

Question 9

deformed area of a mechanoreceptor causes what channel to open

Answer 9

Na channel opens, Na flows in

Question 10

a decrease in impulse rate following a receptor stimulation

Answer 10

adaptation

Question 11

what is a pacinian corpuscle

Answer 11

nerve fiber and outer capsule making up a mechanoreceptor on the skin

Question 12

when does adaptation occur in a pacinian corpuscle

Answer 12

fluid redistributes

Question 13

progressive inactivation of Na channels

Answer 13

accommodation

Question 14

what are the general classifications of nerve fibers

Answer 14

A (alpha, beta, gamma, delta)

C

Question 15

which general classification of nerve fibers are unmyelinated

Answer 15

C

Question 16

What are the sensory classifications of nerve fibers

Answer 16

I, II, III, IV

Question 17

which sensory nerve fibers classification is unmyelinated

Answer 17

IV

Question 18

define spacial summation

Answer 18

increased signal strength by using more fibers

Question 19

define temporal summation

Answer 19

increase signal strength by increasing frequency of nerve impulse

Question 20

many nerve cell bodies together in one area

Answer 20

neuronal pool

Question 21

where are neuronal pools located

Answer 21

• nuclei in the brain
• ganglia in PNS
• gray matter in cord
• cerebral cortex

Question 22

difference between facilitated and discharge zone

Answer 22

discharge–main area of input nerve fiber

facilitated–outskirts of input nerve fiber

Question 23

what is an amplifying divergence of signals in a neuronal pool

Answer 23

one signal spreads to many

Question 24

what is a multiplying tract of signals in a neuronal pool

Answer 24

signal transmitted to different paths

Question 25

excitatory and inhibitory output signals found in neuronal pools

Answer 25

reciprocal inhibition circuit

Question 26

a prolonged output discharge

Answer 26

afterdischarge

Question 27

an input neuron releases a long acting NT that keeps sending an AP by keeping neuron depolarized

Answer 27

synaptic afterdischarge

Question 28

reverberatory circuit

Answer 28

positive feedback within the neural circuit

Question 29

what 2 types of signals attribute to continuous signal output

Answer 29

1–intrinsic neuronal discharge

2–reverberatory signal

Question 30

what causes a a continuous signal output

Answer 30

high resting membrane potential or low threshold