Ch 44 Flashcards
Osmoconformers are animals that
Have an internal environment that is osmotically similar to their external environment, which does not require energy expenditure
The primary nitrogen containing compound excreted by our kidneys is
Urea
Which one of the following is not a function of the excretory system
Elimination of undigested foods
Which of the following is filtered from the blood but not normally found in urine
Amino acids
The bed of capillaries in a vertebrate kidney where water urea and salts are filtered out of the blood is the
Glomerulus
Which is an accurate statement about the anatomy of the human kidney
The loop of henle is located between the proximal tubule and the distal tubule
Which is not an accurate pairing of an excretory function with its definition
Reabsorption is the process where toxins drugs and excessive ions that remain in the blood after filtration are transported into the nephron for the disposal in the urine
What is the function of the ascending limb of the loop of henle
It helps maintain the concentration gradient of nacl in the interstitial fluid, thus increasing water reabsorption
Which of the following is an incorrect pairing of organism and excretory structure
Malpighian tubules
Annelids
The cells of freshwater fish are ____ to the environment, and thus the fish ____ the environment
Hypertonic
Gains water from
For a bony fish to maintain osmotic balance in seawater, it must ___ water from the environment and ____ sodium and chloride ions across the gills
Drink
Actively secrete
The ability of some animals such as “water bears” to survive in an extremely dehydrated, dormant state is called
Anhydrobiosis
He most toxic nitrogenous waste is
Ammonia
Excretion of ____ requires the least amount of water loss from the animal
Utica acid
The ____ collects urine for drainage from the kidney and the _____ carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
Renal pelvis
Ureter
To conserve water desert rodents have relatively _____ loops of henle which allow these animals to produce a very _____ urine
Long
Concentrated
The nephrons of fish, amphibians and reptiles do not have the ____ which is present in the nephron of mammals
Loop of henle
If an animal became dehydrated, then the level of ADH would ____ so that water reabsorption would ____ and make the urine more concentrated
Increase
Increase
In the ____ of he nephron , bicarbonate reabsorption and H+ secretion occur to maintain blood ph
Proximal and distal tubules
Arrange the parts in order as fluid flows though the nephron 1 loop of henle 2 collecting duct 3 bowmans capsule 4 distal tubule 5 proximal tubule
3 5 1 4 2
Active reabsorption of glucose and amino acids occurs primarily in the ___
Proximal tubule
Secretion of drugs toxins and poisons from the blood occurs primarily in the ____
Proximal and distal tubules
The active transport of substances from the blood in capillaries around the proximal tubule into fluid inside the tubule is ____
Secretion
The primary nitrogenous waste excreted is _____ for fish and _____ for lizards and birds
Ammonia
Uric acid
Nitrogenous wastes are produced as a byproduct of the metabolism of ____
Proteins
