Ch. 4.4

Question 1

The amount of force per unit area on a given material.

Answer 1

Stress

Question 2

The process by which the shape of a rock changes because of stress.

Answer 2

Deformation

Question 3

The type of stress that occurs when an object is squeezed.

Answer 3

Compression

Question 4

The type of stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object.

Answer 4

Tension

Question 5

The bending of rock layers due to stress.

Answer 5

Folding

Question 6

An upward-arching fold.

Answer 6

Anticline

Question 7

Downward, troughlike folds.

Answer 7

Syncline

Question 8

A horizontal fold.

Answer 8

Monocline

Question 9

The blocks of crust on each side of the fault.

Answer 9

Fault Blocks

Question 10

A side of a fault.

Answer 10

Hanging Wall

Question 11

A break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another.

Answer 11

Fault

Question 12

Another side of a fault.

Answer 12

Footwall

Question 13

A fault where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.

Answer 13

Normal Fault

Question 14

A fault where the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.

Answer 14

Reverse Fault

Question 15

A fault that forms when opposing forces cause rock to break and move horizontally.

Answer 15

Strike-slip Fault

Question 16

A type of mountain that forms when rock layers are squeezed together and pushed upward.

Answer 16

Folded Mountain

Question 17

A type of mountain that forms when tension causes large blocks of the Earth’s crust to drop down relative to other blocks.

Answer 17

Fault-block Mountain

Question 18

A type of mountain that forms when magma rises to the Earth’s surface and erupts.

Answer 18

Volcanic Mountain

Question 19

A spot in the Pacific Ocean with many active volcanoes.

Answer 19

Ring of Fire

Question 20

The rising of regions of the Earth’s crust to higher elevations.

Answer 20

Uplift

Question 21

The sinking of regions of the Earth’s crust to lower elevations.

Answer 21

Subsidence

Question 22

A way areas of the Earth rise without deformation.

Answer 22

Rebound

Question 23

A set of deep cracks that forms between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other.

Answer 23

Rift Zone