CH. 42 MNT in Psychiatric & Cognitive Disorder

Question 1

What is the MIND diet?

Answer 1

Mediterranean and Dash dietary Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay

Question 2

Our brain is mostly made of _____

Answer 2

fat (~80%)

Question 3

Fats that are really important for brain function/ structure/ development include

Answer 3

Omega-3 fatty acids, with DHA being the most important. (ALA needs to be converted to DHA/EPA, and EPA works best in presence of DHA)

Question 4

__________ are important for neurotransmitter synthesis and function.

Answer 4

Omega-3s

Question 5

What amino acids are needed for neurotransmitter synthesis?

Answer 5

phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, glutamine

Question 6

What minerals are needed for neurotransmitter synthesis?

Answer 6

Zn, Cu, Fe, I, Se, Mg (acts as cofactors)

Question 7

What vitamins are needed for neurotransmitter synthesis?

Answer 7

B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, Folate (act as coenzymes)

Question 8

________ are crucial for the prevention and treatment of all neurodegenerative diagnosis

Answer 8

Omega-3s

Question 9

How is addiction defined?

Answer 9

The persistent and consistent use of a substance that’s known to be harmful

Question 10

What are the risk factors for addiction and substance abuse?

Answer 10

Psychological vulnerability, biochemical abnormalities, genetics, environmental conditioning.

Question 11

T/F: having another psychological disorder predisposes someone to addiction and substance abuse.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

_________, ______, and ________ are common in individuals with addiction and substance abuse

Answer 12

social isolation, depression, and anxiety

Question 13

___________ is a neurotransmitter that is triggered by addictive substances. What are some substances that are addictive

Answer 13

dopamine, sugar, alcohol, nicotine, illegal drug, marijuana, caffeine.

exercise, social media, and behaviors can also trigger dopamine

Question 14

caffeine and nicotine are a appetite _________

Answer 14

suppressor

Question 15

What is the amino acid needed to make dopamine?

Answer 15

Tyrosine

Question 16

What amino acid is needed to make serotonin?

Answer 16

Tryptophan

Question 17

Having an adequate ________ level helps stabilize mood

Answer 17

serotonin

Question 18

Getting enough ______ is important to maintain adequate amounts of dopamine and serotonin

Answer 18

protein

Question 19

Taking ___________ with ________ helps in the development of serotonin

Answer 19

tryptophan with complex carbs

Question 20

____ blood sugar can trigger cravings

Answer 20

low

Question 21

______ can also trigger cravings

Answer 21

dehydration

Question 22

What vitamins are important for addiction and substance abuse? (3)

Answer 22

B6, B12 and folic acid

Question 23

Limiting ________ can help prevent triggering cravings

Answer 23

caffeine

Question 24

Alcohol impairs ________

Answer 24

Thiamin, may need to supplement

Question 25

For addiction recovery, monitor ______ intake and for _______ eating behaviors

Answer 25

sugar, disordered

Question 26

What are triggers of anxiety? (4)

Answer 26

psychological stress, physiological stress, hormone imbalance, BG imbalance

Question 27

What are symptoms of anxiety? (5)

Answer 27

rapid heart rate, shallow breathing, sweating, hyper vigilance, sleep disturbance

Question 28

_______ meals with protein and ___-GI carbs are recommended for anxiety

Answer 28

regular, low-GI carbs

Question 29

what two vitamins can help with anxiety?

Answer 29

magnesium, B-vitamins

Question 30

What are integrative therapies for anxiety?

Answer 30

GABA, Inositol, Kava, Magnolia, Passionflower extract, theanine

Question 31

________ is a neurotransmitters, and anxiety is associated with low levels.

Answer 31

GABA

Question 32

_________ is an amino acid needed to help with synthesis of GABA

Answer 32

theanine

Question 33

Common characteristics of dementia (3)

Answer 33

memory loss, difficulty finding words, visual/spatial problems that interfere with independent living

Question 34

What are two contributors to dementia?

Answer 34

Alzheimer's disease or vascular disease

Question 35

What are the risk factors for dementia? (5)

Answer 35

female gender, >65, genetics, metal toxicity, CVD risk factors

Question 36

T/F: PA, social engagement, and cognitive training are important for the prevention of dementia

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What are the four A's of Alzheimer's disease?

Answer 37

Amnesia (memory loss), aphasia (inability to speak/understand), apraxia (inability to coordinate movement), agnosia (inability to recognize objects/people)

Question 38

Which term is the inability to speak/understand?

Answer 38

Aphasia

Question 39

Which term is the inability to recognize objects/ people

Answer 39

agnosia

Question 40

which term is used for inability to coordinate movement?

Answer 40

apraxia

Question 41

Alzheimer's is associated with eating-related ________ problems

Answer 41

behavior

Question 42

T/F: individual's with Alzheimer's have a attention deficit and should consume meals with TV

Answer 42

false, the less distractions the better

Question 43

T/F: serving potatoes on a blue plate is ideal for individuals with AD

Answer 43

true

Question 44

Adults with dementia should be reminded to consume ______

Answer 44

fluids

Question 45

individuals with dementia/AD should manage ______ and ______-

Answer 45

insulin resistance and blood lipids

Question 46

what micronutrients are beneficial for AD/dementia?

Answer 46

Vitamin C and E (antioxidants) Choline (important for acetylcholine) Folic acid, B12, B6 (converts homocysteine to methionine) Vitamin D (clears plaques to brain)

Question 47

In the late stage of AD/dementia, a _______- diet is recommended

Answer 47

dysphagia

Question 48

What fruit is included in the MIND diet?

Answer 48

berries