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Chapter 41- Anatomy and Physiology > Ch. 41- Practice Test > Flashcards

Ch. 41- Practice Test Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Which anatomic term means toward the midline.

a. anterior
b. posterior
c. medial
d. cranial

A

c. medial

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2
Q
  1. Which are the smallest living components in our body?

a. Cells
b. Organs
c. Electrons
d. Osmosis

A

a. Cells

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3
Q
  1. Which is the largest organelle, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles?

a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Mitochondrion
d. Golgi apparatus

A

a. Nucleus

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4
Q
  1. When the patient complains of pain in the bladder, this indicates a likely disorder in which body cavity?

a. Pelvic
b. Mediastinum
c. Dorsal
d. Abdominal

A

a. Pelvic

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5
Q
  1. The four phases of cell division all occur in which process?

a. diffusion.
b. mitosis.
c. osmosis.
d. filtration.

A

b. mitosis.

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6
Q
  1. Telophase is which phase of cell reproduction during mitosis?

a. First phase
b. Latent phase
c. Final phase
d. Spindle phase

A

c. Final phase

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7
Q
  1. The nurse is aware that which muscle group is both striated and involuntary?

a. Skeletal
b. Glial
c. Cardiac
d. Visceral

A

c. Cardiac

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8
Q
  1. Which is a group of several different kinds of tissues arranged so that together they can perform a more complex function than any tissue alone?

a. Organ
b. System
c. Cell
d. Endoplasmic reticulum

A

a. Organ

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9
Q
  1. Which traits describe visceral muscles?

a. Smooth and voluntary
b. Smooth and involuntary
c. Striated and voluntary
d. Striated and involuntary

A

b. Smooth and involuntary

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10
Q
  1. How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities separated?

a. By the pleura
b. By the diaphragm
c. By the sagittal plane
d. By the peritoneum

A

b. By the diaphragm

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11
Q
  1. Which is the broad section of biology dealing with the description of human structure?

a. Hematology
b. Anatomy
c. Kinesiology
d. Physiology

A

b. Anatomy

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12
Q
  1. Which term explains the processes and functions of many structures of the body and how they interact with one another?

a. Anatomy
b. Mitosis
c. Filtration
d. Physiology

A

d. Physiology

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13
Q
  1. Which anatomic structure(s) is/are NOT in the thoracic cavity?

a. heart
b. lungs
c. blood vessels
d. transverse colon

A

d. transverse colon

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14
Q
  1. When several organs and parts are grouped together for certain functions, which is formed?

a. tissues.
b. systems.
c. cells.
d. membranes.

A

b. systems.

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15
Q
  1. Which are the distinct surface proteins of the plasma membrane essential in determining?

a. Tissue typing
b. Blood count
c. Effectiveness of a drug
d. Sexual maturity

A

a. Tissue typing

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16
Q
  1. In anatomic terminology, posterior means toward which body part?

a. tail.
b. head.
c. back.
d. trunk.

A

c. back.

17
Q
  1. What does the transverse body plane divide?

a. The front and back (coronal) of the body
b. The body lengthwise (two equal halves)
c. The superior and inferior portions of the body
d. The body into axial and appendicular

A

c. The superior and inferior portions of the body

18
Q
  1. Caudal is defined as toward which direction?

a. head
b. feet
c. tail
d. chest

A

c. tail

19
Q
  1. Which is the term for movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration?

a. Absorption
b. Filtration
c. Diffusion
d. Osmosis

A

d. Osmosis

20
Q
  1. Which is the type of tissue composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain or spinal cord?

a. Epithelial
b. Connective
c. Membrane
d. Muscle

A

d. Muscle

21
Q
  1. Which is the type of tissue associated with the storage of fat?

a. Areolar tissue
b. Adipose tissue
c. Osseous tissue
d. Muscle tissue

A

b. Adipose tissue

22
Q
  1. Which are the tissues that lubricate and line the body surfaces that open to the outside environment?

a. Mucous membranes
b. Serous membranes
c. Cytoplasm
d. Involuntary visceral muscles

A

a. Mucous membranes

23
Q
  1. Which is the process by which a cell digests a foreign material by surrounding it?

a. Pinocytosis
b. Phagocytosis
c. Absorption
d. Diffusion

A

b. Phagocytosis

24
Q
  1. Active transport in the movement of ions and other water-soluble particles across cell membranes requires that the body uses which process?

a. rapid filtration.
b. charged diffusion.
c. a chemical pump.
d. osmosis.

A

c. a chemical pump.

25
Q
  1. Which is the term for the passage of water containing dissolved materials through a membrane as the result of a greater mechanical force on one side?

a. Metabolism
b. Mitosis
c. Filtration
d. Osmosis

A

c. Filtration

26
Q
  1. The nurse is aware that when a patient complains of pain in the epigastric region, the source of the pain is most likely to be a disorder involving which organ?

a. gallbladder.
b. transverse colon.
c. stomach.
d. appendix.

A

c. stomach.

27
Q
  1. Which are tissues that cover the outside of the body and some internal structures?

a. Connective
b. Epithelial
c. Nerve
d. Muscle

A

b. Epithelial

28
Q
  1. When the nurse assesses an arm in proximal to distal order, the assessment is performed in which manner?

a. From the shoulder to the fingers.
b. From the front to the back.
c. From the fingers to the center of the body.
d. From the center of the body to the fingers.

A

a. From the shoulder to the fingers.

29
Q
  1. Which is the function of epithelial membranes?

a. Secretes mucus, lines ends of bones, and lines bursae.
b. Lines ends of bones, secretes synovial fluid, and lines internal surfaces of organs.
c. Covers the wall of lower digestive tract, secretes mucus, and lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium.
d. Lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium, and secretes synovial fluid.

A

c. Covers the wall of lower digestive tract, secretes mucus, and lines lungs, peritoneum, and pericardium.

30
Q
  1. The nurse explains that pinocytosis is a process by which cells perform which action?

a. divide.
b. take in extracellular fluid.
c. use a chemical pump.
d. convert mitochondria.

A

b. take in extracellular fluid.

31
Q
  1. Which is the most complex structural level of organization of the body?

a. Body as a whole
b. Cellular
c. Organs
d. Chemical

A

a. Body as a whole

32
Q
  1. Which structure forms the outer boundary of the cell?

a. The nucleus
b. The cytoplasm
c. The plasma membrane
d. The endoplasmic reticulum

A

c. The plasma membrane

33
Q
  1. Which are among the 11 body systems? (Select all that apply.)

a. Lymphatic
b. Cellular
c. Digestive
d. Reproductive
e. Accessory
f. Spinal cord

A

a. Lymphatic
c. Digestive
d. Reproductive

34
Q
  1. Which are characteristics of visceral muscles? (Select all that apply.)

a. Involuntary
b. Smooth
c. Striated
d. Independent from the spinal cord
e. Voluntary
f. Present in the blood vessels

A

a. Involuntary
b. Smooth
f. Present in the blood vessels

35
Q
  1. Which are passive transport mechanisms that move material across the cell membranes? (Select all that apply.)

a. Diffusion
b. Evaporation
c. Filtration
d. Osmosis
e. Mitosis
f. Anaphase

A

a. Diffusion
c. Filtration
d. Osmosis

36
Q
  1. Which organs can be found in the dorsal cavity? (Select all that apply.)

a. Descending colon
b. Kidneys
c. Gallbladder
d. Brain
e. Pancreas
f. Spinal cavities

A

d. Brain
f. Spinal cavities

37
Q
  1. The nurse clarifies that the three functions of epithelial tissue are protection, __________________, and secretion.
A

absorption

38
Q
  1. The nurse explains that are ________________ small saclike structures inside the cell that digest compounds that have invaded the cell.
A

lysosomes

39
Q
  1. The body plane that divides the body into the ventral and dorsal section is the ___________________ plane.
A

coronal

Chapter 41- Anatomy and Physiology (5 decks)

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