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EMT-P (PAR 230 SPECIAL PATIENTS) > CH. 41 OBSTETRICS > Flashcards

CH. 41 OBSTETRICS Flashcards

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1
Q

expulsion of the fetus from any cause before the 20th week of gestation

A

abortion

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2
Q

a premature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus

A

abruptio placenta

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3
Q

a watery fluid that provides the fetus with a weightless environment in which to develop

A

amniotic fluid

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4
Q

when the amniotic fluid and fetal cells enter the pregnant woman’s pulmonary and circulatory system through the placenta via the umbilical veins causing an exaggerated allergic response from the woman’s body

A

amniotic fluid embolism

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5
Q

the fluid filled bag like membrane in which the fetus develops

A

amniotic sac

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6
Q

a scoring system for assessing the status of a newborn that assigns a number value to each of five areas of assessment

A

Apgar scoring system

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7
Q

an overgrowth of bacteria in the vagina characterized by burning itching pain and a fishy smell

A

bacterial vaginosis

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8
Q

the term for an oocyte once it has been fertilized and multiplies into cells

A

blastocyst

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9
Q

a plug of mucus sometimes mixed with blood expelled from the dilating cervix and discharged form the vagina

A

bloody show

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10
Q

a delivery in which the buttocks come out first

A

breech presentation

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11
Q

a vaginal infection that is not technically a sexually transmitted infection and most common in a pregnant female; also called thrush or yeast infection

A

candidiasis

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12
Q

a situation in which the head of the fetus is larger than the woman’s pelvis and a C-section is required

A

cephalopelvic disproportion

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13
Q

the interior of the cervix

A

cervical canal

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14
Q

the narrowest portion of the uterus that opens into the vagina

A

cervix

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15
Q

an STD transmitted from the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis and has the highest incidence in STDs; signs and symptoms include inflammation of the urethra, epididymis, cervix, and fallopian tubules, and discharge from the urethra

A

chlamydia

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16
Q

a disease of the liver that only occurs during pregnancy and in which hormones affect the gallbladder by slowing down or blocking normal bile flow from the liver; most common system is profuse, painful itching of the hands and feet

A

cholestasis

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17
Q

a blood pressure that is equal to or greater than 140/90 mm Hg which exists prior to pregnancy occurring before the 20th week of pregnancy or continues to persist postpartum

A

chronic hypertension

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18
Q

expulsion of all products of conception from the uterus

A

complete abortion

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19
Q

the remains of a follicle after an oocyte has been released and which secretes progesterone

A

corpus luteum

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20
Q

the appearance of the newborn’s body part (usually the head) at the vaginal opening at the beginning of labor

A

crowning

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21
Q

a herpesvirus that can produce the symptoms of prolonged high fever, chills, headache, malaise, fatigue, and an enlarged spleen

A

cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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22
Q

seizures that result from severe hypertension in a pregnant woman

A

eclampsia

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23
Q

an egg that attaches outside the uterus, typically in a fallopian tube

A

ectopic pregnancy

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24
Q

thinning and shortening of the cervix; this is a normal process that occurs as the uterus contracts

A

effacement

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25
Q

intentional expulsion of the fetus

A

elective abortion

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26
Q

the fetus in the earliest stages after fertilization

A

embryo

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27
Q

the innermost layer of tissue in the uterus

A

endometrium

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28
Q

an incision in the perineal skin made to prevent tearing during childbirth

A

episiotomy

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29
Q

the vehicles of transportation of the ova from the ovaries to the uterus; also called the oviducts

A

fallopian tubes

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30
Q

a situation in which the a fetus is large usually weighing more than 4500 grams or almost 9 pounds; known as large for gestational age

A

fetal macrosomia

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31
Q

the developing unborn infant inside the uterus

A

fetus

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32
Q

the stage of labor that begins with the onset of regular labor pains, crampy abdominal pains during which the uterus contracts and the cervix effaces

A

first stage of labor

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33
Q

a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that is important in the menstrual cycle

A

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

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34
Q

the dome shaped top of the uterus

A

fundus

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35
Q

the time that it takes for the fetus to develop in utero, usually 38 weeks

A

gestational period

36
Q

an STD that results from infection caused by gonococcal bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae; sign and symptoms include pus containing discharge from the urethra and painful urination in men and acute abdomen in women

A

gonorrhea

37
Q

the total number of times pregnant including the current pregnancy

A

gravid

38
Q

a term used to refer to the number of times a woman has been pregnant regardless of the outcome

A

gravidity

39
Q

three or more consecutive pregnancies that end in miscarriage

A

habitual abortion

40
Q

an infection of the genitals, buttocks, or anal area caused by HSV type 1 or 2

A

herpes

41
Q

an infection that causes AIDS

A

HIV

42
Q

the most common STD that can cause genital warts and some types of cancer

A

human papilloma virus (HPV)

43
Q

a condition in which there is too much amniotic fluid; also known as polyhydramnios

A

hydramnios

44
Q

a condition of persistent nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

A

hyperemesis gravidarum

45
Q

a spontaneous abortion that cannot be prevented

A

imminent abortion

46
Q

expulsion of the fetus that results in some products of conception remaining in the uterus

A

incomplete abortion

47
Q

the mechanism by which the fetus and the placenta are expelled from the uterus

A

labor

48
Q

in pregnancy a feeling of relief of pressure in the upper abdomen; a premonitory sign of labor

A

lightening

49
Q

the vaginal discharge of blood and mucus that occurs following delivery of a newborn; usually lasts several days and then gradually decreases over the weeks following delivery

A

lochia

50
Q

a hormone released by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the process of ovulation

A

luteinizing hormone (LH)

51
Q

a dark greenish black material in the amniotic fluid that indicates fetal distress

A

meconium

52
Q

a situation in which a fetus has died during the first 20 weeks of gestation, but has remained in utero

A

missed abortion

53
Q

the middle layer of tissue in the uterus

A

myometrium

54
Q

a situation in which the umbilical cord is wrapped around the fetus’s neck; a cord compression that may occur during labor causing the fetal heart rate to slow down

A

nuchal cord

55
Q

an egg produced from the female ovary

A

oocyte

56
Q

a process in which an ovum is released from a follicle

A

ovulation

57
Q

a mature oocyte

A

ovum

58
Q

the number of live births

A

para

59
Q

number of live births a woman has had

A

parity

60
Q

the outer protective layer of tissue in the uterus

A

perimetrium

61
Q

the tissue attached to the uterine wall that nourishes the fetus through the umbilical cord

A

placenta

62
Q

a condition in which the placenta develops over and covers the cervix

A

placenta previa

63
Q

the period of time after a woman has given birth

A

postpartum

64
Q

a condition of late pregnancy that involves gradual onset of hypertension headache visual changes and swelling of hands and feet; also called pregnancy-induced hypertension or toxemia of pregnancy

A

preeclampsia

65
Q

high blood pressure that develops after the 20th week of pregnancy in women with previously normal blood pressures and resolves spontaneously in the postpartum period

A

pregnancy induced hypertension

66
Q

the state of pregnant woman before birth

A

prenatal

67
Q

a hormone that influences the second phase of the menstrual cycle when the oocyte is either fertilized or dies

A

progesterone

68
Q

a situation in which the umbilical cord comes out of the vagina before the newborn

A

prolapsed umbilical cord

69
Q

a protein found on the red blood cells of most people; when a woman without this protein is impregnated by a man with this protein, the woman’s body can create antibodies against the protein and attack future pregnancies

A

Rh factor

70
Q

a viral disease similar to measles, best known by the distinctive red rash on the skin; not nearly as infectious or severe as measles

A

rubella

71
Q

the stage of labor in which the newborn’s head enters the birth canal, during which contractions become more intense and more frequent

A

second stage of labor

72
Q

a life threatening emergency in which the uterus becomes infected following any type of infection

A

septic abortion

73
Q

a complication of delivery in which there is difficulty delivering the shoulders of a newborn, the shoulder cannot get past the woman’s symphysis pubis

A

shoulder dystocia

74
Q

expulsion of the fetus that occurs naturally; also called a miscarriage

A

spontaneous abortion

75
Q

low blood pressure resulting from compression of the inferior vena cava by the weight of the pregnant uterus when the woman is supine

A

supine hypotensive syndrome

76
Q

an STD that manifests in three stages and transmitted through direct contact with open sores; commonly found in the genital region and observed as a lesion or open sore

A

syphilis

77
Q

the stage of labor in which the placenta is expelled

A

third stage of labor

78
Q

expulsion of the fetus that is attempting to take place but has not yet occurred; usually occurs in the first trimester

A

threatened abortion

79
Q

an infection caused by a parasite that pregnant may get by eating contaminated food

A

toxoplasmosis

80
Q

a delivery in which the fetus lies crosswise in the uterus; one hand may protrude through the vagina

A

transverse presentation

81
Q

a parasitic infection caused by a single parasite transmitted through sexual contact; may be asymptomatic or characterized by frothy, yellow green vaginal discharge with strong odor, irritation, and itching of the female genital area, discomfort during intercourse, dysuria, and lower abdominal pain

A

trichomoniasis

82
Q

the conduit connecting the pregnant woman to the fetus via the placenta; contains two arteries and one vein

A

umbilical cord

83
Q

the interior of the body of the uterus

A

uterine cavity

84
Q

a potentially fatal complication of childbirth in which the placenta fails to detach properly and results in the uterus turning inside out

A

uterine inversion

85
Q

a muscular inverted pear-shaped organ that lies situated between the urinary bladder and the rectum

A

uterus

86
Q

a tubular organ lined with mucous membranes, that is the power portion of the brith canal

A

vagina

EMT-P (PAR 230 SPECIAL PATIENTS) (3 decks)

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