CH. 40: PHLEBOTOMY

Question 1

why collect blood?

Answer 1

phlebotomy used to determine disease and treatment

Question 2

what is the MA’s role in phlebotomy?

Answer 2

to collect blood as efficiently as possible for accurate and reliable test results, provide high-quality care, and to perform task critical to patient diagnosis

Question 3

where does the blood form?

Answer 3

forms in bodies organs and bone marrow

Question 4

what is the purpose of blood?

Answer 4

blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste products and carbon dioxide

Question 5

veins

Answer 5

usually carry deoxygenated blood, containing carbon dioxide and other cellular waste

Question 6

what type of walls do veins have?

Answer 6

thin-walls

Question 7

do veins have a pulse?

Answer 7

no

Question 8

capillaries

Answer 8

connect most arteries and veins

Question 9

arteries

Answer 9

usually carry oxygenated blood

Question 10

what type of walls do arteries have?

Answer 10

thick walls

Question 11

do arteries have a pulse?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

how much blood does the body contain?

Answer 12

6 liters of blood

Question 13

what is the percentage of formed elements that is found in the blood?

Answer 13

45%

Question 14

erythrocytes

Answer 14

red blood cells: oxygen carrying cell in our body

Question 15

leukocytes

Answer 15

white blood cells

Question 16

what is the liquid part of the blood called?

Answer 16

plasma

Question 17

what is a centrifuge?

Answer 17

a machine that separates serum of blood

Question 18

what is an anticoagulant?

Answer 18

it prevents blood from clotting to produce plasma specimen

Question 19

what does clotting covert into?

Answer 19

fibrinogen

Question 20

what does fibrinogen convert into?

Answer 20

fibrin

Question 21

how can you obtain a blood sample?

Answer 21

antecubital area, medial cubital area, superficial veins in hand, veins in wrist, veins in feet or legs, and arteries of arms

Question 22

are safety needles required?

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

what are the purpose of safety needles?

Answer 23

protects patients and health care worker from the job needle stick

Question 24

what is the most common size for a needle gauge?

Answer 24

20,21, & 22

Question 25

how are additives, anticoagulants, and gels identified?

Answer 25

by the color of the stopper on the tube

Question 26

Different test require what?

Answer 26

different types of blood specimens

Question 27

what are the additives, anticoagulants, and gels designed to do?

Answer 27

all are designed to preserve blood; other additive improve quality of specimen

Question 28

what is the purpose of a specimen collection tray?

Answer 28

to hold all necessary equipment

Question 29

what kind of skills do you need to approach a patient?

Answer 29

social skills, technical skills and administrative skills

Question 30

how do you prepare a venipuncture?

Answer 30

put patient at ease

Question 31

before you do and punctures, what must you do?

Answer 31

ask patient to state full name, check wristband if applicable, label sample tubes before leaving examination room, and check paper work against tubes

Question 32

what is the order of preferred sites for venipuncture?

Answer 32

antecubital, back of hand, wrist (difficult), and ankle/foot (needs a doctor's written approval only)

Question 33

for perform a safe venipuncture, you must do what?

Answer 33

palpate vein with tip of finger

Question 34

what happens when you don't wipe off the alcohol from the site?

Answer 34

a wet site will cause hemolysis

Question 35

butterfly collection system

Answer 35

combines benefits of syringe and vacuum methods

Question 36

with unsuccessful venipuncture, you should:

Answer 36

try another tube, advance further into vein, and pull back a little

Question 37

what factors could affect laboratory results?

Answer 37

incorrect specimen handling/storage, patient factors (not fasting), and drawing procedure incorrect (alcohol in specimen, tourniquet on too long, and wrong tube)

Question 38

what is a capillary puncture?

Answer 38

method of obtaining one to several drops of blood

Question 39

what kind of tests are obtained by capillary punctures?

Answer 39

CBC, RBC, and WBC; hemoglobin and hematocrit; glocose testing; phenylketonuria testing

Question 40

where is the most common capillary sites for adults?

Answer 40

finger tips

Question 41

where is the most common capillary sites for infants?

Answer 41

the heel