CH. 40: PHLEBOTOMY Flashcards
why collect blood?
phlebotomy used to determine disease and treatment
what is the MA’s role in phlebotomy?
to collect blood as efficiently as possible for accurate and reliable test results, provide high-quality care, and to perform task critical to patient diagnosis
where does the blood form?
forms in bodies organs and bone marrow
what is the purpose of blood?
blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste products and carbon dioxide
veins
usually carry deoxygenated blood, containing carbon dioxide and other cellular waste
what type of walls do veins have?
thin-walls
do veins have a pulse?
no
capillaries
connect most arteries and veins
arteries
usually carry oxygenated blood
what type of walls do arteries have?
thick walls
do arteries have a pulse?
yes
how much blood does the body contain?
6 liters of blood
what is the percentage of formed elements that is found in the blood?
45%
erythrocytes
red blood cells: oxygen carrying cell in our body
leukocytes
white blood cells
what is the liquid part of the blood called?
plasma
what is a centrifuge?
a machine that separates serum of blood
what is an anticoagulant?
it prevents blood from clotting to produce plasma specimen
what does clotting covert into?
fibrinogen
what does fibrinogen convert into?
fibrin
how can you obtain a blood sample?
antecubital area, medial cubital area, superficial veins in hand, veins in wrist, veins in feet or legs, and arteries of arms
are safety needles required?
yes
what are the purpose of safety needles?
protects patients and health care worker from the job needle stick
what is the most common size for a needle gauge?
20,21, & 22
how are additives, anticoagulants, and gels identified?
by the color of the stopper on the tube
Different test require what?
different types of blood specimens
what are the additives, anticoagulants, and gels designed to do?
all are designed to preserve blood; other additive improve quality of specimen
what is the purpose of a specimen collection tray?
to hold all necessary equipment
what kind of skills do you need to approach a patient?
social skills, technical skills and administrative skills
how do you prepare a venipuncture?
put patient at ease
before you do and punctures, what must you do?
ask patient to state full name, check wristband if applicable, label sample tubes before leaving examination room, and check paper work against tubes
what is the order of preferred sites for venipuncture?
antecubital, back of hand, wrist (difficult), and ankle/foot (needs a doctor’s written approval only)
for perform a safe venipuncture, you must do what?
palpate vein with tip of finger
what happens when you don’t wipe off the alcohol from the site?
a wet site will cause hemolysis
butterfly collection system
combines benefits of syringe and vacuum methods
with unsuccessful venipuncture, you should:
try another tube, advance further into vein, and pull back a little
what factors could affect laboratory results?
incorrect specimen handling/storage, patient factors (not fasting), and drawing procedure incorrect (alcohol in specimen, tourniquet on too long, and wrong tube)
what is a capillary puncture?
method of obtaining one to several drops of blood
what kind of tests are obtained by capillary punctures?
CBC, RBC, and WBC; hemoglobin and hematocrit; glocose testing; phenylketonuria testing
where is the most common capillary sites for adults?
finger tips
where is the most common capillary sites for infants?
the heel
