CH. 40 Animal Form and Function Flashcards
Rate is ____ to a cell’s surface area
Proportional
The amount of material that must be exchanged is ____ to a cells volume.
proportional
What are four key points of Epithelial tissues?
- covers the outside of the body and lines the organs and cavities.
- interference between the organism and it’s environment (protection, absorption and secretion)
- closely packed cells
- cubodial (dice), columnar (bricks) and squamous (tiles)
what are four key nots about connective tissues?
- structure and support
- sparsely packed cells
- liquid jellylike or solid
- Fibroblasts (make fiber proteins) and Macrophages (destroys non cells)
What are the three types of connective tissue fiber?
- Collagenous (strength & flexibility)
- Reticular (joins tissues)
- Elastic (stretch and snap back)
key points about Muscle tissues
- responsible for movement
- contain filament proteins actin and myosin (helps contraction)
- 3 Types: Skeletal, smooth, cardiac
What are the different purpose’s for each muscle tissue?
- skeletal (voluntary movement)
- smooth (involuntary )
- cardiac (heart contractions)
What are the key purposes of Nervous tissues?
- transmitting and processing information
- contains neurons (transmit nerve impulses) glial (support cells)
Nervous system vs. endocrine system:
Nervous system:
- fast
- short lived
- localized
Endocrine:
- slower
- sustained
- systemic
What is homeostasis
- to maintain a “steady state”
- constant internal environment
Negative feedback
Dampens a stimulus
Positive feedback
amplifies a stimulus
- ex: drives childbirth to completion.
How does circadian rhythms affect homeostasis?
Jet lag- mismatch between circadian clock and time of day.
What is thermoregulation?
The process by which animals maintain an internal temperature within a normal range
How does acclimatization alter homeostasis?
adjusting to changes in external environment .
ex: adapting to changes in altitude when hiking.
