Ch. 4 Tissues Flashcards
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found in the?
skin
What are some characteristics of epithelium tissue?
- Mostly composed of cells: Epithelial tissue consists of cells with very little extracellular matrix between them
- Covers body surfaces: Most epithelial tissue covers body surface and forms glands derived developmentally from the body
- Distinct cell surface: Most epithelial cells have at least one free surface. Where are cells are exposed and do not attach to other cells.
- Cell and matrix connection: Specialized cell contact bind adjacent epithelial cells together and the extracellular matrix to the basement membrane.
- Nonvascular: Blood vessels do not penetrate the basement membrane to reach the epithelial. All nutrients and gasses from the blood are transported through diffusion to the epithelium
- Capable of regeneration- Epithelial tissue has the ability to replaced dangled cells with new epithelial cells.
What are Tissues?
Are collection of specialized cells are the extracellular substances surrounding them.
What is histology?
the microscopic study of tissue
What is biopsy?
The process of removing tissue samples from patients surgically or with a needle for diagnostic purposes.
What is autopsy?
Is the examination of the organs of dead body to determine the causes of death or to study the changes caused by a disease.
What is epithelial tissue?
Covers and protects surfaces, both outside and inside the body
What are the functions of epithelial tissues?
- Protecting the underlying structures
- Acting as a barrier
- Permitting the passage of substances
- Secreting Substances
- Absorbing Substances
Which of these is not a connective tissue?
a) blood
b) muscle
c) cartilage
d) areolar tissue
b) muscle
Glands that produce hormones?
endocrine glands
The abnormal death of a tissue is called?
necrosis
In which of these tissues is hydroxyapatite found?
bone
Tendons and ligaments are composed primarily of?
fibrous connective tissue
Epithelial tissue is characterized by?
Tightly packed cells
Connective tissue exists in different forms (within the human body) from liquids to very hard solids of the presence of the _______.
extracellular matrix
All of these characteristics correctly describe epithelial cells EXCEPT:
a) cover surfaces, either outside or inside the body.
b) usually have a free surface and basal surface.
c) have little extracellular material between them.
d) have specialized cell contacts, such as tight junctions and desmosomes.
e) capillaries penetrate the basement membrane to provide a good blood supply.
e) capillaries penetrate the basement membrane to provide a good blood supply.
A general characteristic of connective tissue is that
consists of cells with much intercellular material between them
Extracellular liquid matrix in blood is?
Plasma
Connective tissue fibers are produced by?
Fibroblasts
A tissue specialized for energy storage and thermal insulation is?
Adipose tissue
Three essential components of most neurons are?
axon, dendrites and cell body
Tall, thin epithelial cells with only some cells reaching the free surface, but with all cells attached to the basement membrane are called?
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Epithelial tissue that can starch or is subjected to stress would have many?
Desmosomes
Branching glands that terminate in saclike structures are called?
compound acinar
Lining of blood capillaries supplying body cells with oxygen and nutrients, are expected to consist of?
simple squamous epithelium
The epithelium that lines the passages of the respiratory and reproductive system is called?
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
A muscle that is not consciously controlled and has a banded appearance would be described as?
striated involuntary
Extracellular matrix in bone is formed by?
mineral salts
What is the general function of glands?
Produce and secrete specialized compounds to control and maintain different body functions
Collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers in connective tissues are combed by
Proteins
What is the function of nervous tissue?
maintain and coordinate normal body functions
Gland’s whose ducts have few branches are called
simple
Glands that produce a thick, sticky secretion are called _____ glands.
Mucous
Membranes lining body cavities that lack openings to the outside are called?
serous
Loose connective tissue contains
a) collagen and elastin fibers
b) myosin and actin fibers
c) plasma
d) all the of the above
d) all of the above
Epithelial cells that can stretch from a cuboidal or columnar shape to a squamous shape are called?
Transitional epithelium
Bone cells are arranged in concentric circles around longitudinal tubes called?
Osteonic Canals
Which of these cell connections attach epithelial cells to the basement membrane?
Hemidesmosomes
In which of these locations would pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium intermixed with goblet cells be found?
lining of nasal cavity and trachea
Cardiac muscle is found in the wall of the?
Heart
In a(n) ______ gland, entire cells break down to form the secretion?
Holocrine
There are four primary types of tissues; they are
epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous
According to their function, there are two major types of epithelial tissue, these are
Covering and secretory epithelium
which of these is NOT found in connective tissue?
basement membrane
Dense regular collagenous connective tissue would be found in?
A ligament
Blood cells are produces in hemopoietic tissue found in?
Red bone marrow
Which of the following is CORRECTLY matched?
neurons-supportive cells of the nervous system
axons- conduct action potentials away from the cell body
neuroglia- the conducting cell of the nervous system
dendrite- rapidly dividing dividing cell
axons- conduct action potentials away from the cell body
Connective tissue cells that produce the extracellular matrix are called?
Blasts cells
Cartilage tissues are likely to be slow in healing following an injury because?
they lack direct blood supplies
Which of the following is not one of the four primary classes tissue?
cartilaginous tissue
Muscle tissue cells are contractile, which means they
are specialized in contraction and relaxation
Simple epithelium has one layer of cells on the basement membrane, ________ epithelium has more than one layer of cells.
stratified
A tissue formation of scar tissue is most directly caused by
granulation tissue
A tissue is formed by a group of ________ performing or associated with similar function.
cells
Epithelial tissue is distinguished from connective tissue, muscular, or nervous tissue by its
basement membrane
The epithelium that lines the stomach and intestines is
simple columnar
In which of these locations is dense irregular collagenous connective tissue found?
dermis of the skin
