Ch. 4 Quiz - Colonial Government & Economy Flashcards
Parliament
lawmaking body of Great Britain; has two parts- House of Lords and House of Commons
Governor
enforces laws; represents & appointed by king, head of colonies
Dominion of New England
attempt to unite a group of colonies by King James, which included Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire. Led by Sir Edmund Andros.
Edmond Andros
appointed governor of Dominion; enacted laws on his own & ruled almost like a dictator. Citizens lost independence.
House of Lords
upper house - appointed by king; advises the king – rich
House of Commons
lower house – elected, responsible for taxes; represent English citizens
Upper and Lower Houses
Upper: House of Lords
Lower: House of Commons
Upper: Governor’s Council
Lower: Colonial Assembly
Colonial Assembly
lower house – makes taxes; elected; represents the colonists
King/Monarch
appointed (birth); has final say on everything
Governor’s Council
upper house - appointed by governor; gives governor advice; has veto power (can rule over colonial assembly)
Who in government was elected vs. appointed?
Elected: House of Commons, Colonial Assembly
Appointed: King, House of Lords (Privy Council), Governor’s Council
List economic activities of North, Middle, & South.
North: cold climate; rocky soil = no cash crops, fishing, shipbuilding, furs, rum, timber/lumber, trade
Middle: “Breadbasket” – wheat/grains, livestock, trade, lumber, fur, iron – Delaware had tobacco
South: tobacco, rice, indigo – slaves & indentured servants
Olaudah Equiano
a slave who later bought his freedom who recalled his experience on the Middle Passage around 1755.
Middle Passage
transportation of enslaved Africans to the Americas during which many Africans died
Import
to buy products from another country
Export
to sell products to another country
Enumerated Articles
products that colonial producers could sell only within English controlled territory
Balance of Trade
the relationship between what a nation buys from and what it sells to foreign countries, not including its own colonies
Navigation and Trade Acts (list 3 parts)
series of laws passed by Parliament from 1651 to the mid-100s regulating the buying and selling of goods. When trading, you must use English ships, go to an English port (pay a tax) and use English crew
Smuggle
to import/export goods illegally
Mercantilism
Colonies exist to benefit the Mother Country. Colonies send Raw Materials & buy finished products. Have favorable balance of trade. Export more than you import. Mercantilism, Mother Country, Money
What was it like on the middle passage?
The trip, which normally took between 6 and 9 weeks, was a horrifying experience for the Africans. Most captains packed as many Africans as possible below deck. The death toll was often very high.
staple crops
crops raised in large quantities to sell
