4-4 French and Indian War

Question 1

militia

Answer 1

a group of citizens organized for military service

Question 2

guerilla tactics

Answer 2

hit-and-run tactic used by Native Americans and adapted to by the French

Question 3

William Pitt

Answer 3

prime minister of England who sent more trained British soldiers and used more money – British started winning

Question 4

Albany Plan of Union

Answer 4

Ben Franklin suggested the 13 colonies unite as protection for when the war breaks out, but colonies refuse (lack of cooperation)

Question 5

Fort Duquense:

Answer 5

French fort – convergence of Allegheny and Monongahela rivers into Ohio River (control trade). Braddock tried marching through wilderness but got ambushed – too many supplies, slow movement

Question 6

Quebec (1759)

Answer 6

turning point – “Starving French Canada” – cuts off supply route to French and NA troops – Treaty of Paris 1763

Question 7

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 7

proclamation by England that stated everything east of Appalachian Mountains is given to colonists & everything west belongs to Indians to end fighting – Ohio River Valley is given to Indians! (connected to American Revolution)

Question 8

George Washington

Answer 8

Virginian sent by Dinwiddie to inform the French was trespassing & travelled with Braddock to Fort Duquense. Set up Fort Necessity as a defensive post, but easily surrounded.

Question 9

General Edward “Bulldog” Braddock

Answer 9

Fort Duquense – “sneak attack” heard & killed in battle

Question 10

Ben Franklin

Answer 10

urged colonies to create Albany Plan of Union

Question 11

Iroquois Confederacy

Answer 11

only Native American ally of British – didn’t take part in fighting, only want goods

Question 12

Fort Louisburg

Answer 12

major French (Canadian) supply fort seized by Pitt

Question 13

Fort Necessity

Answer 13

poorly built defensive post set by Washington for Fort Duquense, quickly defeated

Question 14

Robert Dinwiddie

Answer 14

Virginia Governor who sends George Washington to deliver a protest to the French, and later sent another group of Virginians to build a British fort where the Monogahela and Allegheny Rivers join to form the Ohio River. Before Washington could reach the incomplete post, the French attacked & completed it – Fort Duquense.

Question 15

Marquis de Menneville

Answer 15

Governor of New France – Fort Duquense named after him

Question 16

Treaty of Paris 1763

Answer 16

Britain gets Canada, Florida from Spanish & all lands to Mississippi except New Orleans – ceded to Spain, who fought as a French ally.

Question 17

British 3 part attack (where)

Answer 17

General Braddock in Charge! 3 Places:

1. Fort Duquense (ORV)
2. Great Lakes Region NY – enter Canada
3. Invade Canada

Question 18

Fort Frontenac

Answer 18

major French supply fort – colonial militia win – Lake Ontario

Question 19

Montreal

Answer 19

last battle – “Starving French Canada” – cuts off supply route to French and NA troops – Treaty of Paris 1763

Question 20

Why do they want the Ohio River Valley?

Answer 20

fertile land & animals with fur – fur trade/profit

Question 21

Compare fighting tactics of traditional European and Guerilla.

Answer 21

European: in rows

French/Most Native Americans: Guerilla Warfare – hit-and-run

Question 22

Compare British and French armies and alliances.

Answer 22

British: British, Colonies, Iroquois
French: French, Most Native Americans
(look at notes!)

Question 23

How did the map of North America change because of the French and Indian War?

Answer 23

More British territory, nearly no French (except Caribbean islands), more Spanish on west of Mississippi River, Spanish Florida taken over.

Question 24

Causes of the French and Indian War.

Answer 24

1. England and France rival each other for power in Europe
2. Land – OHIO RIVER VALLEY
3. Fur trade
4. Starts with the building of forts

Question 25

Effects of the French and Indian War.

Answer 25

•Treaty of Paris (1763)
•War Debt for Britain
•Natives and Colonists
•Colonists and Britain
(look at notes!)

Question 26

What was the turning point of the war?

Answer 26

Brits capture Quebec – Pitt concentrates strategy on seizing forts in French Canada

Question 27

Describe the meaning behind: {Snake Drawinng - Join or Die}

Answer 27

Ben Franklin’s Albany Plan of Union suggests the colonies should unite. Each section represents the colonies.