Ch 4 Quiz Flashcards
List the characteristics of the amphipathic molecule. Name one.
Amphipathic molecules have a polar and non polar regions that is hydrophobic.
Example: phospholipid, phosphate head makes up polar, 2 fatty acids make up non polar
Define liposome and describe how they’re made
Liposome: amphipathic molecule on sphere shape with water trapped inside, it is made when the amphipathic molecule is added in turbulent water and they spontaneously turn into liposomes
Lyse a red blood cell
Fluid outside of the red blood cell is hyposmotic and there are more solutes in the cell, so the cell swells and bursts
Shrink a red blood cell
Fluid outside of the red blood cell is hypersmotic, there are more solutes outside of the cell than inside so the water leaves the cell and goes towards the the solutes outside, causing the cell to shrink
Make a red blood cell happy
Fluid outside is isomotic to fluid inside and there is some concentration of solutes both outside and inside, and there is no net flow of water
Name and describe the problem that the evolution of a membrane solved
The problem that the evolution of a membrane solved was diffusion. RNA molecules and bases had net movement toward lower concentration so the molecules were too spaced out to replicate. Encasing then RNA molecule into the liposome gave faster replication
Describe what is meant by the osmosis crisis and what exactly caused it?
Water will flow into the cell causing it to swell and lyse water molecules where there is lower water concentration. The cause is a lot of replication of rna molecules and solutes in the cell, so water flows into it
Name the intramolecular structure that evolved to solve the osmosis crisis. Describe how this structure solved the crisis and name important energy molecule that was also required for this
The protein pump evolved to solve the osmosis crisis. This structure is a specific rna molecule with a catalytic function that allows it to pump proteins. The energy is supplied by ATP
