Ch. 4 Morphology

Question 1

affix

Answer 1

added pieces

Question 2

affixation

Answer 2

morphological process whereby an affix is attached to a root or stem

Question 3

agglutinating language

Answer 3

the morphemes are joined together relatively “loosely”

Question 4

allomorph

Answer 4

they belong to the same morpheme since they have the same meaning

Question 5

alternation

Answer 5

make morpheme internal modifications

Question 6

ambiguity

Answer 6

they can be associated with more than one meaning

Question 7

analytic language

Answer 7

made up of sequences of free morphemes

Question 8

bound morpheme

Answer 8

words that cannot stand alone (affixes)

Question 9

bound root

Answer 9

morphemes that seem to have some associated basic meaning, they are unable to stand alone as words in their own right

Question 10

closed lexical category

Answer 10

rarely acquire new members and include pronouns, determiners prepositions, and conjunctions

Question 11

compounding

Answer 11

process that forms new words not by means of affixes but from two or more independent words

Question 12

conjunction

Answer 12

word used to connect clauses. e.g. and, or, but

Question 13

content morpheme

Answer 13

have more concrete meaning that function morphemes

Question 14

content word

Answer 14

free content morphemes, that is, nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs

Question 15

derivation

Answer 15

process of creating words out of other words

Question 16

determiner

Answer 16

a modifying word that determines the kind of reference a noun or noun group has

Question 17

form

Answer 17

what a word sounds like when spoken

Question 18

free morpheme

Answer 18

words that can be used as words all by themselves

Question 19

function morpheme

Answer 19

contain primarily grammatically relevant information

Question 20

function word

Answer 20

free function morphemes, that is, prepositions, determiners, pronouns, and conjunctions

Question 21

fusional language

Answer 21

words are formed by adding bound morphemes to stems

Question 22

hierarchical structure

Answer 22

steps involved int he formation of the word (tree diagram)

Question 23

homophony

Answer 23

the phenomenon by which two or more distinct morphemes or non phrasal linguistic expressions happen to have the same form

Question 24

incorporation

Answer 24

the inclusion of something

Question 25

infix

Answer 25

inserted within the root morpheme

Question 26

inflection

Answer 26

creation of different grammatical forms of words

Question 27

input

Answer 27

the stems with which a given affix may combine

Question 28

lexical category

Answer 28

classes of words that differ in how other words can be constructed out of them

Question 29

lexicon

Answer 29

a mental repository of linguistic information about words and other lexical expressions, including their form and meaning and their morphological and systematic properties.

Question 30

morpheme

Answer 30

smallest linguistic unit with a meaning or grammatical function

Question 31

morphology

Answer 31

the study of how words are constructed out of morphemes

Question 32

open lexical category

Answer 32

nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs

Question 33

output

Answer 33

all of the words that are formed when an affix attaches to a stem

Question 34

partial reduplication

Answer 34

process of forming new words by doubling part of a free morpheme

Question 35

polysynthetic language

Answer 35

highly complex words may be formed by combining several stems and affixes

Question 36

prefix

Answer 36

affixes that preceded the stem they attach to

Question 37

preposition

Answer 37

usually before the noun or pronoun and showing a relation to another word or element in the clause. e.g. on, of, under, for

Question 38

productive

Answer 38

currently used to make new words

Question 39

pronoun

Answer 39

word that takes place of a noun. e.g. we, she, they

Question 40

reduplicant

Answer 40

the morpheme or part of a morpheme that is repeated in reduplication

Question 41

reduplication

Answer 41

process of forming new words by doubling either an entire free morpheme or part of it

Question 42

root

Answer 42

base word

Question 43

simultaneous affix

Answer 43

affixes appear the same time as each other

Question 44

stem

Answer 44

what the affixes attach to

Question 45

suffix

Answer 45

affixes that follow the stem they attach to

Question 46

suppletion

Answer 46

a root will have one or more inflected forms phonetically unrelated to the shape of the root