Ch 4 Conciousness Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Consciousness

A

A persons awareness of everything that is going around him or her at any given time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Waking Consciousness

A

State in which thoughts, feelings, and sensations are clear and organized and the person feels alert.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Altered State of Consciousness

A

State in which there is a shift in the quality or pattern of mental activity as compared to the waking consciousness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Circadian Rythm

A

A cycle of bodily rhythm that occurs over a 24- hour period.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Microsleeps

A

Brief sidesteps into sleep lasting only a few seconds,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adaptive Theory

A

Theory of sleep proposing that animals and humans evolved sleep patterns to avoid predators by sleeping when predators are most active.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Restorative Theory

A

Theory of sleep proposing that sleep is necessary to the physical health of the body and serves to replenish chemicals and repair cellular damage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sleep Deprivation

A

Any significant loss of sleep, resulting in problems in concentration and irritability.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rapid Eye Movement
(R,REM)

A

Stage of sleep in which the eyes move rapidly under the eyelids and the person is typically experiencing a dream,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Non-REM Sleep
(NREM)

A

Any stage of sleep that do not include REM.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Beta Waves

A

Smaller and faster brain waves, typically indicating mental activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Alpha Waves

A

Brain waves that indicate a state of relaxation or light sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Theta Waves

A

Brain waves indicating the early stages of sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Delta Waves

A

Long, slow brain waves that indicate the deepest stage of sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sleep Paralysis

A

The inability of the voluntary muscles to move during REM sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

REM Behavior Disorder
(RBD)

A

A rare disorder in which the mechanism that blocks the movement of the voluntary muscles fails, allowing the person to thrash around and even get up and act out nightmares.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

REM Rebound

A

Increased amounts of REM sleep after being deprived of REM sleep on earlier nights.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nightmares

A

Bad dreams occurring during REM sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Night Terrors

A

Relatively rare disorder in which the person experiences extremes fear and screams or runs around during sleep without waking fully.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sleepwalking
(Somnambulism)

A

Occurring during deep sleep, an episode of moving around or walking around in one’s sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Insomnia

A

The inability to get sleep, stay asleep, or get quality sleep.

22
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

Disorder in which the person stops breathing for 10 seconds or more while asleep.

23
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Sleep disorder in which a person falls immediately into REM sleep during the day without warning.

24
Q

Activation-Synthesis Hypothesis

A

Premise that states that dreams are created by the higher centers of the cortex to explain the activation by the brain stem of cortical cells during REM sleep periods.

25
Q

Activation-Information-Mode Model
(AIM)

A

Revised version of the activation-synthesis explanation of dreams in which information that is accessed during waking hours can have an influence on the synthesis of dreams.

26
Q

Hypnosis

A

State of consciousness in which the person is especially susceptible to suggestion.

27
Q

Dissociation

A

Divided state of conscious awareness.

28
Q

Social-Cognitive Theory of Hypnosis

A

Theory that assumes that people who are hypnotized are not in an altered state but are merely playing the roles expected of them in the situation.

29
Q

Drug Tolerence

A

The decrease of the response to a drug over repeated uses, leading to the need for higher doses of drug to achieve the same effect.

30
Q

Psychological Dependence

A

The belief that a drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional or psychological well-being.

31
Q

Stimulants

A

Drugs that increase the functioning of the nervous system.

32
Q

Depressants

A

Drugs that decrease the functioning of the nervous system.

33
Q

Hallucinogenics

A

Drugs including hallucinogens and marijuana that a produce hallucinations or increased feelings of relaxation and intoxication.

34
Q

Amphetamines

A

Stimulants that are synthesized (made) in laboratories rather than being found in nature.

35
Q

Cocaine

A

A natural drug derived from the leaves of the coca plant.

36
Q

Nicotine

A

The stimulant found in tobacco.

37
Q

Caffeine

A

A mild stimulant found in coffee, te, and several other plant based substances.

38
Q

Barbiturates

A

Depressant drugs that have a sedative effect.

39
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Drugs that lower anxiety and reduce stress.

40
Q

Alcohol

A

The chemical resulting from fermentation or distillation of various kinds of vegetable matter.

41
Q

Opiates

A

A class of opium-related drugs that suppress the sensation of pain by binding to and stimulating the nervous system’s natural receptor sites for endorphins.

42
Q

Opium

A

Substance derived from the opium poppy from which all narcotic drugs are derived.

43
Q

Morphine

A

Narcotic drug derived from opium, used to treat severe pain.

44
Q

Heroin

A

Narcotic drug derived from opium that is extremely addictive.

45
Q

Opioids

A

Synthetic drugs that mimic the pain-reducing effects of opiates and their addictive properties.

46
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Drugs that cause false sensory messages, altering the perception of reality.

47
Q

Lysergic Acid Diethylamide
(LSD)

A

Powerful synthetic hallucinogen.

48
Q

PCP

A

Synthesized drug now used as an animal tranquilizer that can cause stimulant, depressant, narcotic, or hallucinogenic effects.

49
Q

MDMA
(ecstasy or X)

A

Designer drug that can have both stimulant and hallucinatory effects.

50
Q

Stimulatory Hallucinogenics

A

Drugs that produce a mixture of psychomotor stimulant and hallucinogenic effects.

51
Q

Marijuana
(Pot/Weed)

A

Mild hallucinogen derived from the leaves and flowers of a particular type of hemp plant.