Ch. 4 - Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions Flashcards
0
Q
Limiting Reagent
A
- the reactant that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction and limits the amount of the product
1
Q
Stoichiometry
A
- the coefficients in a chemical reaction specify the relative amounts in moles of each of the substances involved in the reaction
- the numerical relationships between chemical reactions in a balanced equation
2
Q
Excess Reactant
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- any reactant that occurs in a quantity greater than is required to completely react with the limiting reactant
3
Q
Theoretical Yield
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- the amount of product that can be made in a chemical reaction based on the amount of limiting reactant
4
Q
Actual Yield
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- the amount of product that is actually produced by a chemical reaction
5
Q
Percent Yield
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- calculated as: actual yield ➗ theoretical yield ✖ 100%
6
Q
Solution
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- a homogeneous mixture of two substances
7
Q
Solvent
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- the majority component of the solution mixture
8
Q
Solute
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- the minority component of the solution mixture
9
Q
Aqueous Solution
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- is one which water acts as the solvent
10
Q
Dilute Solution
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- one that contains a small amount of solute relative to the solvent
11
Q
Concentrated Solution
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- one that contains a large amount of solute relative to the solvent
12
Q
Molarity
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- a common way to express solution concentration
= amount of solute (in mol) ➗ volume of solution (in L)
13
Q
Stock Solutions
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- when laboratories store solutions in concentrated forms
14
Q
Electrolytes
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- substances that dissolve in water to form solutions that conduct electricity
15
Q
Strong Electrolytes
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- substances that completely disassociate with into ions when they dissolve in water