Ch. 3 - Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations Flashcards
0
Q
Ionic Bonds
A
- occur between metals and Nonmetals
- involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another
1
Q
Chemical Bonds
A
- the result of interactions between the charged particles (electrons and protons) that compose atoms
2
Q
Covalent Bonds
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- occur between two or more Nonmetals
- involve the sharing of electrons between two atoms
3
Q
Chemical Formula
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- indicates the elements present in the compound and the relative number of atoms or ions of each
4
Q
Empirical Formula
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- gives the relative number of atoms of each element in a compound
5
Q
Molecular Formula
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- gives the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of a compound
6
Q
Structural Formula
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- uses lines to represent covalent bonds
- shows how atoms in a molecule are connected or bonded to each other
- can also be written to give a sense of the molecule’s geometry
7
Q
Ball-and-Stick Models
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- represent atoms as balls and chemical bonds as sticks
- the balls are typically color-coded to specific elements
8
Q
Space-Filling Molecular Models
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- atoms fill the space between each other to more closely represent our best estimates for how a molecule might appear if scaled to a visible size
9
Q
Atomic Elements
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- those that exist in nature with single atoms as their basic units
- most elements fall into this category
10
Q
Molecular Elements
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- do not normally exist in nature with single atoms as their basic units
- instead, these elements exist as molecules; two or more atoms of the element bonded together
11
Q
Molecular Compounds
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- are usually composed of two or more covalently bonded Nonmetals
12
Q
Ionic Compounds
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- are composed of cations and anions bound together by ionic bonds
13
Q
Formula Unit
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- the smallest, electrically neutral collection of ions
- only exist as part of a larger lattice
14
Q
Polyatomic Ion
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- an ion composed of two or more atoms
