CH. 4 - Causes of Hearing Disorders Flashcards
hearing disorder that interferes with transmission of signals from cochlear hair cells to VIIIth nerve
Auditory neuropathy
drugs that can cause abnormal embryologic development if ingested by mother
Teratogenic drugs
new bone formation around stapes and oval window
Otosclerosis
inflammation of auditory nerve
neuritis
common cause of retrocochlear hearing disorder
cochleovestibular schwannoma (acoustic tumor)
outer and middle ear disorders are usually ___ in nature
structural
congenital absence of opening to EAM
Atresia (ear is atretic)
excessive production of cerumen in EAM
Ceruminosis
audiology name for reduction in magnitude
attenuation
inflammation of external ear
Otitis externa
Middle ear inflammation with fluid leakage
Otitis media with effusion
TM perforation classified by
location
conditions that are inherited
endogenous
conditions that are not necessarily inherited
Exogenous
type of inherited hearing disorder that is part of a constellation of other disorders
syndromic hearing disorder
autosomal recessive or dominant genetic condition where there is NO OTHER significant feature besides hearing loss
nonsyndromic hearing disorder
Primary cause of sensorineural hearing loss in infants/young kids
Nonsyndromic Hereditary Hearing Disorder
hearing loss due to age
Presbyacusis
Noise-induced hearing loss on an audiogram is visible by a reverse peak at this frequency
4k-6k
Two biggest factors that factor into noise damage
Intensity
Duration
in otosclerosis, bone conduction is worse around this frequency
2K
identify the cause of this HL
noise induced hearing loss
identify the cause of this HL
otosclerosis
this disorder is responsible for most of the sensorineural hearing loss in infants and young kids
nonsyndromic
ototoxic drugs usually start as this type of loss
high-frequency
what causes Ménière’s Disease
accumulation of endolymph in cochlear and vestibular labyrinths
congenital hearing loss often looks this
a valley
congenital abnormal smallness of auricle
microtia
complete absence of ear canal called
Anotia
abnormal smallness of body structures, often asymmetrical
Microsomia
in this disease, the bones of the face don’t completely develop
Goldenhar syndrome
in this disease, the ossicles are malformed
Ossicular dysplasia
cerumenosis is most common in this population
older
name for outer ear infection
otitis externa
swimmer’s ear is this type of infection
otitis externa
Most common cause of transient conductive hearing loss with children
otitis media with effusion
what percent of kids have otitis media by age 6
76-95%
About ___ % of kids who have otitis media before age 1 will have it 6+ more times for the next two years
50
Name three potential complications that can occur when otitis media is untreated
-tympanic membrane perforation
-cholesteatoma
-tympanosclerosis
trauma from sudden change in atmospheric pressure
barotrauma
drugs that are harmful to the hearing mechanism are ___
ototoxic
most common cause of hearing loss
presbyacusis
Most common neoplastic growth affecting auditory nerve
cochleovestibular schwannoma (acoustic tumor)
anatomy word for “narrowing”
stenosis
