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Building Construction > Ch. 4 Building Systems > Flashcards

Ch. 4 Building Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Stairs provide a fuel role in building systems, what are they?

A
  1. Enable access to multiple levels
  2. Egress during emergency
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2
Q

What are convenience stairs

A

Stairs not part of the means of egress

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3
Q

Convenience Stairs per code are limited too?

A

Stairs are open and connect only Two levels per code limitations

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4
Q

Horizontal face of a step

A

Tread

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5
Q

Verticals part of a step

A

Riser

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6
Q

Distance of a stair

A

Run

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7
Q

Stairs that extend in one direction

A

Straight run

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8
Q

Stairs that have intermediate landings between floors then reverse direction

A

Return stairs

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9
Q

Stairs with two separate sets of stairs constructed in common shaft

A

Scissor stairs

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10
Q

Older design scissor stairs have exits on which floors

A

Every other floor or every second floor

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11
Q

Scissor stairs also use what type of stair construction

A

Return style

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12
Q

What’s the minimum width of the run on circular stairs?

A

10 inches

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13
Q

What’s a special consideration of circular stairs?

A

The small radius of the full circle or greater or equal to twice the widest part of the stair tread

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14
Q

What kind of stairs gives access to confined spaces, dry wells, and in industrial applications?

A

Steel spiral stairs

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15
Q

Gas springs are also known as what?

A

Struts

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16
Q

Fully enclosed exterior stairways are subject to same requirements as ?

A

Fully enclosed exterior stairways are subject to same requirements as enclosed interior stairways

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17
Q

Fire escapes fail due to

A

Damage of freeze and thaw
Corrosion due to weather
Inadequate mortar

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18
Q

Building code requires a minimum of One smokeproof enclosure for stairs serving building how tall?

A

5 stories or higher

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19
Q

Building code also requires protection for stairs serving floor levels more than how many feet below the level of exit discharge

A

Levels more than 30 ft below level of exit discharge

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20
Q

Active fire protection

A

Uses moving or mechanic parts that Require power source

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21
Q

Passive fire protection

A

Walls and stair enclosures

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22
Q

In a High Rise, code requires what for stairs?

A

Dedicated, pressurized stairway designed solely for fire fighters

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23
Q

Open stairs ways can be used when

A

Only when they connect no more than 2 adjacent floors above the basement level

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24
Q

Escalators are set at a standard speed of ?

A

100 ft per minute

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25
Q

How are escalator stairs linked?

A

By a step chain

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26
Q

Verticals penetrations for escalators serving more than how many floors must be protected ?

A

Verticals penetrations for escalators serving more than 2 floors must be protected

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27
Q

What is the most common protection to use in vertical openings in escalators

A

Closely spaced sprinklers and drafts stops

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28
Q

In Escalator vertical openings, have what size draft stops and sprinkler arrangement

A

18 inch draft stop
Row or auto sprinklers on all sides outside the draft stop

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29
Q

Moving walkways move in which direction?

A

Horizontal

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30
Q

Elevators are uniquely dangerous when.

A

System malfunctions or electrical disruptions

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31
Q

Elevator regulations are based on

A

ASME / ANSI A17.1 elevator safety code

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32
Q

The ADA requires what in multi story buildings.

A

Ramp or elevator access

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33
Q

Before use in an elevator, FF’s should

A

Recall to lobby, open the door from a floor ABOVE the recalled elevator to check for smoke in shaft

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34
Q

Two types of elevators

A

Hydraulic and Electric

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35
Q

Hydraulic elevators have breaks T or F?

A

False, they do not have breaks, they are controlled through hydraulic fluids

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36
Q

Historically, hydraulic elevators upper limit was how many stories

A

6, requiring a deep well to reach lower floors

37
Q

Electric Drun Elevators use a hoist cable on a drum located where?

A

Directly over the hoist way

38
Q

What’s the most common type of elevator in buildings over 6 stories

A

Traction Elevators

39
Q

Drive equipment for electric traction elevators is located

A

Directly over hoist way

40
Q

Traction elevators use what to raise elevators

A

Counterweights to reduce the energy, may have a 500 V back up supply.

41
Q

Hoistways are required to ?

A

Be constructed of fire resistive materials and fire doors

42
Q

In low rise buildings, what can hoistways be made of for fire resistance?

A

Gypsum, cement block.

43
Q

In larger buildings or reinforced concrete, what are hoist-ways made of?

A

Enclose in three sides with poured concrete.
Also protects building from a wind load

44
Q

Elevator hoist way enclosures are required to be a fire rated assembly with what timed rating

A

1-2 hour rating, depending on height

45
Q

To prevent Mushrooming, building code require what at the top of most hoistways

A

Venting at the top of hoistway

46
Q

A building with 3 or Fewer elevators can hold how many elevators in a single hoistway?

A

3

47
Q

A building with four or more elevators must have a minimum of how many shafts

A

2 separate hoistways

48
Q

If a building has more than one hoistway, how many elevators can be in one hoistway

A

Up to four elevators

49
Q

An elevator zone includes how many consecutive floors

A

15-20

50
Q

Blind Hoistways typically service?

A

Express elevators on upper floors

51
Q

Rescue access doors are in blind Hoistways are placed where

A

Every three floors

52
Q

What type of elevators have top exit in all cars?

A

Electrical

53
Q

I’m multi hoist elevators, most cars are equipped with what for rescue

A

Side exits for passengers to be transferred laterally

54
Q

Vertical openings in shafts and utility chases do not have what?

A

Horizontal fire barriers along the length of the shaft

55
Q

Laundry / Refuse Chutes are required to be constructed of?

A

Noncombustible materials with fire doors fire rated shaft enclosure.
Sprinklers at top and termination point

56
Q

Primary purpose of HVAC

A

Comfort

57
Q

Duct detectors are provided for fans that exceed

A

Capacities exceeding 2,000 cubic feet per minute

58
Q

What’s the space between suspended ceilings and roof decks, or under floor spaces that may be used to supply air

A

(interstitial space) or return air Plenum

59
Q

Hydronic system in HVAC

A

Use water at heat transfer medium

60
Q

HVAC building code require

A

HVAC ducts to be enclosed with fire rated shaft enclosure.

61
Q

In buildings less than 4 stories HVAC ducts enclosures be rated at

A

1 hr for less than 4 stories

62
Q

In buildings more than 4 stories HVAC ducts enclosures be rated at

A

2hrs for buildings 4 stories or greater

63
Q

When operating in smoke control mode, HVAC systems work how?

A

Discharge smoke through exhaust fans from the fire floor to the outside with out returning air to the supply

64
Q

What does a pressure sandwich mean?

A

Constant supply of air on non-fire floors, creates a higher pressure above and below the fire reducing smoke movement in those areas

65
Q

Heat and Smoke vent hatchways have a minimum opening of ?

A

4 ft in either direction

66
Q

Curtain boards are also known as what

A

Draft curtains

67
Q

Curtain Boards / Draft curtains not further apart than?

A

Curtain Boards / Draft curtains not further apart than eight times the ceiling height

68
Q

Curtain Boards / Draft curtains depth should be not less than what percent of ceiling height?

A

Curtain Boards / Draft curtains depth should be not less than 20% of ceiling height

69
Q

The size and spacing of smoke and heat vents depend on what?

A

Floor to ceiling height and contents

70
Q

What’s the method to determine the vent area?

A

Analysis of the heat release rate,
ceiling height
Depth of curtain boards

71
Q

Smoke and heat vents are less effective when used with?

A

In conjunction with sprinklers

72
Q

What is a smoke tower

A

Vestibule open to the atmosphere, that is separated from the building corridor.

73
Q

High voltage

A

600 volts or higher

74
Q

Low voltage

A

Under 600 volts

75
Q

Transformers do what

A

Convert high voltage to appropriate utility voltage

76
Q

What’s a gas that’s a concern in electric vaults

A

Carbon Monoxide

77
Q

How are transformers cooled

A

Using air and oil

78
Q

What are dry transformers

A

Air cooled

79
Q

What voltage is for light ballasts

A

277 volts

80
Q

What voltage for HVAC systems

A

480 volts

81
Q

Dry transformers step down the voltage to what?

A

120 volts

82
Q

Transformers with PCBs are required to be what?

A

Labeled

83
Q

Oil in oil cooled transformers must have what properties

A

Dielectric (non-conduction) properties

84
Q

When transformers are located inside a building, code requires resistance rating of ? When not protected by sprinklers

A

Transformers room or vault to have 3 hr rating if not protected by sprinklers

85
Q

When transformer rooms or vaults are sprinklers, code requires what rating?

A

1 hr

86
Q

What’s the exception to fuel storage regarding a a generator

A

If a day tank exists in the same room, the tank is limited to 60 gallons

87
Q

Minimum required fuel storage for generators is between

A

2- 8 hours

88
Q

fuel storage for generators for hospitals and other critical facilities

A

Up to 48 hours or longer

89
Q

Hospitals require what at all times for life support and monitoring systems

A

Hospitals require power at all times for life support and monitoring systems

Building Construction (3 decks)

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